Description: The insurance reserve for an individual contract can be pictured as a quantity which changes continuously from moment to moment in response to the forces of interest and mortality. A different mathematical model arises for each method of defining the death benefit, and in this paper a number of such mathematical models are analyzed. Followed by discussion papers submitted by several authors

Description: This paper by John Mereu describes a method for mathematically computing the expected loss under a group life contract in excess of a stated limit. The paper also shows how to compute the variance and standard deviation of the stop-loss claim and suggests how the method can be extended to group insurance benefits where the claim amount per certificate is not fixed. Paper is followed by discussions from several people

Description: Discussion of financial underwriting issues and methods for individual life insurance. Followed by discussion papers submitted by several authors

Description: Discusses cost-benefit decision-making for acquiring electronic data-processing equipment and installation issues, ability of small companies to compete in pension trust arena, effectiveness of various agency compensation programs in stimulating sales and improving persistency, success of sales to substandard risks and rating methods, and pricing, reinsurance and experience with individual hospital and medical policies.

Description: This paper and discussion is a review of the changes that have occurred recently in the basic principles that underlie the sale and distribution of individual life insurance including underwriting fairness, laws and regulations affecting discrimination, limitations in the underwriting process and competition. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1977, Vol. 29.

Description: This session at the SOA 1981 New York Regional Meeting examines the practice of life insurance risk classification, societal changes in their view of the practice and the industry's response to those pressures.

Description: This 1978 SOA session presented some provisional findings of the new Build and Blood Pressure Study. Some of the findings: 1. The average weights of men in the new study exceed the corresponding weights in the previous 1959 study by 2 to 8 pounds in the thirties, and by up to 5 pounds in the fifties. 2. The mortality ratios of overweight men are not significantly different in the new study from those in the 1959 study. 3. Markedly overweight men experienced lower mortality in the current study than in the 1959 study. 4. Men weighing 20 percent below average recorded 10 to 15 percent higher mortality in the new study than in the 1959 study. 5. Mortality of overweight women is relatively lower than that of overweight men. 6. Mortality of men with elevated systolic and diastolic pressures was appreciably lower than in the 1959 study. 7. Mortality of women with moderately elevated systolic and diastolic pressures was not significantly different from that in the 1959 study. 8. The presence of minor impairments alongside of blood pressures in excess of 150/90 usually produced significant increases in mortality.

Description: Discusses underwriting classification trends, term vs. permanent mortality experience with and without medical exams, mortality and lapse experience of military personnel, factors in addition to insurability which should be taken into account by underwriters - such as lapse risk. Also discussed are health underwriting and underwriting expenses.

Description: This discussion at the 1966 Washington Regional Meeting, Small Company Forum covers several topics as they relate to smaller insurance companies - Combination Company Problems, Product Design, Reinsurance, SEGLI conversions, and Adusting earnings for Value of InForce in the Annual Statement.

Description: Traditional discounting is hazardous to corporate health unless, as this paper demonstrates, it is turned on its head and insurance managers adopt the methods of prudent bankers. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1987, Vol. 39.