Description: Applies the economic concept of negative externality (where firms profit but create unacceptable social costs) to systemic of financial institutions. Identifies alternatives to the traditional (Pigou) response of taxing the firm.

Description: This article discusses the global capital standards for Global Systemically Important Insurers (G-SIIs) and Internationally Active Insurance Groups (IAIGs) currently being developed by the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS).

Description: The 2008 global financial crisis highlighted the costs of supporting systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs) as well as the linkages both between institutions as well as across countries. The G 20 tasked the Financial Stability Board (FSB) along with international regulatory associations such as the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS) and the International Organisation of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) to evolve frameworks for supervision of such SIFIs.