Description: This paper investigates a fundamental approach to the development of the expected cost of vesting in pension plans. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1972, Vol. 24, Pt. 1, No. 70.

Description: An extension of a paper published in the 1952 Transactions by the same author, describing and classifying various funding methods for defined benefit pension plans. Followed by discussion papers submitted by several authors.

Description: This paper considers a typical retirement endowment plan where an endowment provides for a monthly payment at retirement and units of life insurance prior to retirement and which the amounts of insurance in later years are net level premium reserves. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1961, Vol. 13, No. 37.

Description: The primary purpose of this paper is to set forth one method of evaluating vested pension costs and to suggest a simple way for the actuary to make provision in his pension cost calculations for specific vesting schedules. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1966, Vol. 18, Pt. 1, No. 52.

Description: The following topics were discussed at concurrent sessions: 1. Personal Security in the 1970's- United States and Canada, 2. Adjusted earnings for life companies, 3. Pension funding, 4. What about these younger actuaries?, 5. Sources of statistical information for actuaries, 6. Variable life insurance, 7. Models and decision techniques, and 8. Role of the actuary in expense control. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1970, Vol 22, Pt. 2, No. 63.

Description: This paper describes the actuarial valuation method for pension plans, the formulas and assumptions used, and the way these assumptions might be chosen. A case study is presented. Followed by several discussion papers submitted

Description: These discussions at the 1967 New York and New Orleans Regional Meetings are about considerations in choosing interest assumptions and challenges presented when comparing investment yields among companies.

Description: This paper gives a mathematical proof of the frequently expressed concept that under the entry age normal method of valuing a retirement plan, the salary scale applies retroactively. That is, it demonstrates that the valuation of a plan assumes that all past contributions to the plan were based on salaries which, when projected by the salary scale, reproduce the present level of income. The concept of retroactivity is also applied to a situation where there is a constant offset such as the social security benefit. In addition, the paper discusses the effect on this liability resulting from an increase in salary in excess of the increase provided by the salary scale and the effect on the liability of certain types of salary-scale changes. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1973, Vol. 25, Pt. 1, No. 72AB.

Description: Among many purposes, this paper will outline the theory of gain and loss analysis for pension fund valuations, indicate practical problems met in applying the theory to two model plans and show the Fackler accumulation formulas. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1959, Vol. 11, No. 31.

Description: The purpose of this paper is to describe an actuarially acceptable and mathematically definitive method for allocating gains by source. Followed by a discussion paper submitted