Description: This paper documents how mutual company surplus is determined and shown in a GAAP statement, including supplementary information, and offers how such reports could caption this item more appropriately.

Description: The paper describes an approach for determining reserves for reinsurance accepted for use in financial statements prepared according to generally accepted accounting principles. Followed by a discussion paper submitted

Description: This paper demonstrates some of the basic principles and concepts inherent in the use of natural reserves to adjust earnings and to demonstrate differences in earning patterns obtained by several alternative approaches to a pure natural reserve adjustment of earnings.

Description: The purpose of this paper note is to highlight the similarities of results from the amortization of initial life insurance acquisition costs by means of an acquisition cost amortization schedule similar to that used by accountants versus a set of actuarial-type acquisition cost natural reserve factors appropriately applied to beginning and ending in-force units.

Description: This paper considers two principles which at present are given little weight in accounting for investments: 1. the reported earnings of a business entity should not change solely because an investment is sold at a capital gain or loss and the proceeds are reinvested, and 2. the accounting treatment of common stock investments should not vary according to the portion of the issuer's outstanding common stock which the investment represents. The implications of these principles are explored in accounting for bonds, stocks and business combinations. A discussion of this paper is included.

Description: This paper examines several methods for dynamically adjusting expense assets to reflect differences between actual and expected persistency. Discussions of the paper are included.