Description: Presented at May 1986 Spring Meeting. This session discussion is about a corporate environment with a stated return on equity objective: How does this objective interface with GAAP, statutory profit per unit issued, break-even year, premium or revenue growth, market share and cash flow.

Description: In physics and engineering education, Fermi problems require solutions based on good approximate calculations with little or no actual data, involving making justified guesses and deducing bounds without using sophisticated tools. The idea of Fermi problems are of particular relevance to today's actuaries, as pricing, reserving, and financial reporting involve more and more complex stochastic components. The paper discusses some approximate solutions developed in academia in the spirit of Fermi problems.

Description: Presented at May 1996 Spring Meeting. This session offers a retrospective and prospective look at the development of actuarial pricing models and technology tools.

Description: Provides clarification of the level-price method for comparing the cost of 2 different policies discussed in March 1969 article by William Gould, which drew on this author's work. This method applies to cash value life policies.

Description: This paper outlines the limitations inherent in current actuarial pricing techniques and describes a macro pricing process for product development that can produce optimal decisions in competitive environments. A discussion of the paper follows. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1991, Vol. 43.

Description: An increasingly popular tool in estate planning is the Joint Life policy payable upon the second death. The design and pricing of this policy is influenced significantly by cash value and reserve requirements. This article discusses two methods for calculating these values.

Description: From a panel discussion session at the Spring regional meeting of the Society of Actuaries held in Atlanta, Georgia, May 24-25, 1999 Panelists discuss two of the measurements actuaries are using to evaluate direct response products: customer lifetime value and embedded values.

Description: This paper explores the principles upon which experience-rated group insurance currently is based and discusses the question of whether or not these principles are sound. Followed by discussion papers submitted by several authors

Description: This paper looks at the development of life insurance premium rates based on their policy size, and the methods for doing so. Discussions of this paper are included.

Description: The article highlights key considerations as companies begin to reserve for their IUL products under PBR.