Description: The article looks back at the development of life protection product underwriting and pricing in UK. It describes the development in waves of change, looking at different drivers, e.g. consolidation of the life insurance industry, the role of technology as a driver for efficiency gains via electronic underwriting. Different levels of sophistication are being discussed and possible implications for the relationship between direct offices and reinsurers. This rather thought provoking article is based upon Munich research as well as market experience and ties in with a number of current topics as for example potential changes as a result of the Retail Distribution Review and the Gender Directive implementation.

Description: Highlights of the 1997 International Underwriting Congress with an in depth discussion of 1 critical illness policies and 2 Use of population data where little insurance data exists.

Description: Enhanced or impaired annuities are life annuities underwritten to reflect annuitants' actual mortality. They are not currently prevalent in the U.S. or Canada, where life annuities assume low mortality and are thus unfair for impaired lives. This paper looks at the present annuity marketplace in the United States and Canada. It also reviews the underwriting and marketing of life annuities in the United Kingdom where “enhanced” life annuities are available for a broader cross section of the marketplace. It also reviews the use of P&C risk classification techniques and how they might apply to the annuity marketplace as well as potential legal constraints on broader risk classification for life annuities.

Description: The article focuses on the use of predictive analytics in the development of experience studies, pros and cons of using predictive analytics versus traditional techniques, and the implications for setting assumptions and improving profitability.

Description: This session reviewed the distinctions and blurring of those distinctions between group and individual life insurance. Topics include differences in underwriting, legal constraints, marketing and distribution, and the nature of guarantees provided

Description: Breakout Sessions 1A: The Fundamentals of Pricing for Underwriters

Description: This discussion focused on looking at the immediate uses of the 1951 Impairment Study for the smaller company, the use of new technology such as punch card machines in an effort to reduce cost, methods of budget procedure, use of interim financial reporting and attendant issues such as interim period reserve computations, and problems with underwriting, commission accounting, or conflict with interests of own agents when small companies accept business from agents or brokers of other companies.

Description: This discussion reviews underwriting and the possibilities of using extra premiums as an alternative to a war clause. Also a discussion of the experience of Great Britain and other countries with war deaths of 1 military personnel and 2 civilians and how this experience might be used to anticipate the extent of possible civilian war catastrophes and their effect on life insurance companies in United States and Canada. This panel further explores problems arising in connection with aviation risks as well as with the underwriting of war correspondents, Red Cross workers, members of the Merchant Marine and other auxiliary services.

Description: These were discussion papers on the paper, 'The Korean War Hazard' by James T. Phillips.

Description: Discusses what is known about HIV and the prospect of wider availability of life insurance coverage for infected people in Kenya.