Description: In this article, a numerical comparison of two commonly used FIA valuation methodologies is conducted to help insurers decide on the best methodology to use under GAAP LDTI and VM-22. We compared two modeling approaches to project the future index credits with the annual point-to-point crediting formula: Tthe stochastic equity crediting model and the deterministic option budget crediting model. The analysis is then extended to different levels of option budgets and the monthly average crediting formula. The advantages and disadvantages of the two equity return projecting approaches are also highlighted and will be discussed later in the report.

Description: From a session at a meeting of the Society of Actuaries held in San Diego, CA, June 22-23, 2000 Panel discussion of the work being done by the Society of Actuaries and the NAIC to further development of a Unified Valuation System.

Description: 1994 SOA Spring Meeting, San Francisco. This session explored the process of marking liabilities to market. Topics included: 1. A summary of the FAS 115 requirements. 2. The ACADEMY TASK FORCE ON FAIR VALUE OF LIABILITIES. 3. APPRAISAL METHODS SUBGROUP - FOUR APPROACHES TO FAIR VALUING LIABILITIES. 4. THE PROBLEM OF MARKING LIABILITIES TO MARKET. 5. FOUR APPROACHES TO DISCOUNTING LIABILITY CASH FLOWS.

Description: Here we are led to draw a distinction between “wild” markets and “free” markets. A wild market is unregulated and unscrutinized. Information flows are purposely impeded for competitive reasons and reduced to trickles from rumor and espionage. No one knows what anyone else is doing, and pricing is blind and haphazard. In such a market, there are no safeguards against anticompetitive behavior and no guarantees that the market will clear. The only guarantee is that there will be liquidity crises.

Description: The author notes that “current market value is highly relevant, but its accuracy is limited. Historical accounting, on the other hand, is highly accurate, but is of little relevance.” The article then goes on to discuss two leading methods for performing fair valuation of liabilities: the actuarial appraisal method and the option pricing method, and how they can be reconciled.

Description: This session 30 PD of the New Orleans Annual Meeting discusses how several organizations, with representation from a number of countries, are currently drafting new standards to create uniformity across nations. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Volume 27, No. 3.

Description: 1999 SOA Annual Meeting, San Francisco. The panel examined the current efforts of several organizations to craft the next century's insurance valuation framework, and how these efforts are reshaping the way we will do business in the future.

Description: Presented at May 2002 Spring Meeting. This session covers the current status of FAS 133 and extensions such as the proposed statement of position on accounting and reporting by insurance enterprises for certain nontraditional, long-duration contracts and for separate accounts.

Description: A summary of a scientific paper written to address the differences and similarities between the option pricing method now more commonly known as fair valuation and the actuarial appraisal method.

Description: ongoing discussion of the proper interest rate to use in discounting liability cash flows to reflect credit risk of the insurer in a fair value accounting system