Description: The purpose of this paper is to outline the development of a critical illness rider to be launched on a guaranteed level term product. The paper addresses the following topics: market needs analysis, design considerations, benefit design, pricing assumption, and development of pricing model and pricing results, including sensitivity testing.

Description: U.K. life insurers writing participating business have, since the end of 2004, been required by their regulator, the Financial Services Authority FSA, to value their assets and liabilities on a market-consistent basis. The purpose of this paper is to explain the new valuation approach based on market-consistent values and its rationale set out the issues faced by life insurers in implementing the new regime and explain how these issues have been addressed by insurers.

Description: To be financially "well" is unique to an individual. Following a hierarchy of needs is key, along with saving more than the talking heads tell you to.

Description: This paper describes the Federal Income Tax FIT treatment of reserves historically. Then it describes Principles-Based Reserves PBR. Finally, it discusses issues in the treatment of PBR under FIT.

Description: This paper introduces basic embedded value EV principles, concepts and formulas that will be especially valuable to the beginning students of EV.

Description: This paper will provide demonstrations of the following three statements: That the calculation of principles-based reserves should ignore federal income taxes That the currently required statutory deferred tax calculation would need to be changed to permit an appropriate deferred tax asset to accompany such reserve so that the result can be correctly principles-based on a post-tax basis That the Tax DAC, pursuant to Section 848 of the Internal Revenue Code, is effectively a negative tax reserve.

Description: In 2007 the International Accounting Standards Board IASB released a discussion paper proposing a new accounting model for insurance contracts, known as the current exit value model. One aspect of the proposed accounting model is that claim liabilities would need to include explicit margins satisfying certain criteria. Currently it is common for U.S. medical insurers to include explicit margins in their claim liabilities. However, we demonstrate that the margin approach most commonly used today by U.S. medical insurers does not satisfy the objectives articulated in the IASB discussion paper regarding the role of margins. We then propose a new formula for including explicit margins in U.S. medical insurance claim liabilities in a manner that is more compatible with the principles articulated in the IASB discussion paper. Finally, we illustrate our proposed claim liability formula using an example drawn from real-life data.

Description: This paper describes the use of the Moses software package to model variable annuities with multiple guarantees. Pricing and risk management are discussed.

Description: This paper defines health expectancy as that part of life expectancy where the person is expected to be healthy. It also breaks down the remainder of life expectancy into two unhealthy categories, one where assisted living will be necessary, and one where a skilled nursing facility will be necessary. These expectations are calculated for many combinations of age, other demographic characteristics, and current health issues.

Description: The paper explores developments through 2006 in the application of market-consistent concepts to the measurement of fair values of liabilities for financial reporting purposes.