Description: This discussion is about the increasing unit expense rates even in light of increases in insurance amount, simplified procedures and greater mechanization, methods to allocate agency expenses in to the premium structure and the importance considerations in determining the level of gross premiums. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1961 Vol. 13 pt. 2

Description: This panel discussion is about expense assumptions in pricing. It focused on: 1. What were the historical approaches to expense loadings in premium rates of life and casualty lines? 2. What are the fundamental differences in life vs. casualty expense assumptions? 3. Current changes. 4. Future possibilities.

Description: This paper estimates the acquisition and maintenance costs associated with life policies as a function of the amount of insurance and number of policies of an insurer by estimating a cost function for our sample of insurers.

Description: This panel discussion focuses on expense analysis and allocation. Areas addressed include standard of measure used, inconsistencies in expense allocations, and alternate methods of allocation of marketing expenses.