Description: The Market Cost of Capital approach has emerged as the standard for estimating risk margins for insurers' fair value balance sheets. This paper takes some of the ideas developed for valuing life insurance liabilities and applies them to the problem of valuing credit risky bonds. The basic idea is that credit spreads should cover the cost a) best estimate defaults plus the cost of holding capital for b) contagion risk (e.g. a credit crunch) and c) parameter risk, this risk that the best estimate is wrong and must be revised. We argue that the margins required for parameter risk can capture liquidity issues. In addition, the models developed here allow the cost of capital rate itself to be a random variable which allows credit spreads to open and close stochastically. Finally, the paper argues that it is reasonable to include something like AA best estimate default rates and liquidity spreads when valuing insurance liabilities. The main rationale for doing so is the idea that there are elements of the total credit risk issue that can be hedged between the assets and liabilities.

Description: This is the session transcript from Session 6A: Mortality Improvement Approaches from the January 4-6, 2017 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando.

Description: These are the discussant comments for the concurrent Session 3A: Mortality Inequality: Impact of Socioeconomic Factors

Description: These are the discussant comments for the concurrent Session 2B: Older-Age Mortality Trends from the January 4-6, 2017 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando.

Description: This is the Trends in Life Expectancy and Lifespan Variation After Retirement abstract authored by Jesu´s-Adria´n A´ lvarez, Søren Kjærgaard, Malene Kallestrup-Lamb, James W. Vaupel for Session 1B of the January 13-15, 2020 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando, Florida.

Description: This is the A Study into the Impact of Pre-Programmed Health Risks in Retirement Planning paper authored by N. V. Subramanyan for Session 1B of the January 13-15, 2020 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando, Florida.

Description: These are the Discussant Comments for the Pensions and Longevity Risk Session 5B of the January 13-15, 2020 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando, Florida.

Description: These are the Discussion Comments by Jean-Marc Fix for the Disease and Longevity Session 6B of the January 13-15, 2020 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando, Florida.

Description: These are the Discussant Comments by Douglas W. Andrews for the Retirement Strategies 2B Session of the January 13-15, 2020 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando, Florida.

Description: These are the Discussant Comments by Allen M. Klein for the Mortality Improvement Session 3B of the January 13-15, 2020 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando, Florida.