Description: The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of capital and key related terms, as well as to compare and contrast four key regulatory capital regimes. Not only is each regime’s methodology explained with key terms defined and formulas provided, but illustrative applications of each approach are provided via an example with a baseline scenario. Comparison among these capital regimes is also provided using this same model with two alternative scenarios.

Description: The Survey of Emerging Risks has been successfully conducted in North America for 15 years, which provides a consistent report by tracking the opinions of risk managers on the emerging topics beyond the current business cycle with strategic plans over decades. For the first time the survey is also being specifically introduced in China and Greater Asia, with the aim of surveying the actuarial and risk management professionals' opinions on emerging risks in the local market. In relation to the Society of Actuaries, Greater Asia is defined as markets that participate in our Greater Asia Committee. These are additional areas outside of mainland China that include markets such as Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. The survey is sponsored by the Society of Actuaries (SOA) Research Institute and comprises both quantitative and qualitative questions in English and Chinese (Simplified). With a wide range of response options and allowing for anonymous comments, the survey results serve as a platform to share the risk views of local actuaries and risk managers in China and Greater Asia.

Description: The Society of Actuaries (SOA) retained Milliman, Inc. (Milliman) to conduct a survey on the impact of COVID-19 on long-term care (LTC) insurance mortality, voluntary lapse, and morbidity experience. The results of this survey, which was conducted from August 2021 through September 2021, are presented in this report.

Description: The survey incorporated a set of Emerging Risks defined by the World Economic Forum as the basis for several of the questions. The survey also included questions related to current risk management topics.

Description: This document is an appendix titled "Respondent Demographic Overview and Survey Questions" to a research report on perceptions of insurance and retirement products across diverse U.S. populations. It provides demographic data on survey respondents and includes survey questions related to various demographic characteristics.

Description: This research report summarizes methodologies used for yield curve extrapolation to value liability cash flows that extend beyond the maximum observavble portion of the yield curve.

Description: The aim of this research is to survey emerging data analytics techniques and discuss their evolution and growing use in the actuarial profession. Data analytics’ applications in life and non-life insurance will also be provided.

Description: 2020 Generally Recognized Expense Table (GRET) recommendations.

Description: This report focuses on disparities in retirement savings based on race and ethnicity. It includes a thorough review of the literature on the extent of racial disparities in retirement savings and possible causes for and correlates of these disparities.

Description: This Society of Actuaries Research Brief has been constructed to highlight some of the key features of the COVID-19 epidemic and contemplate the risks for the actuarial profession to consider in their work.