Description: The author advocates trying to maximize the diversification of investment portfolios based on creating multiple sources of income, each taxed in its own way, based on the premise that taxation of retirement income in the future is no longer predictable. From the 2011 Enterprise Risk Management Symposium, March 2011.

Description: This article intends to provide some background on how and when the state variation issues came about, why these issues present a challenge to the valuation actuary, what seems to be the current practice in dealing with these challenges, and how these issues can be addressed more effectively and efficiently in the future. From Society of Actuaries Financial Reporting Monograph, M-AS99-1.

Description: Chapter 4 of the Price, Waterhouse study presents and extensive collection of numerical tables. From Study of Public Financial Guarantee Programs, M-FI96-2.

Description: This paper considers a defined contribution DC plan, a cash balance plan, and traditional defined benefit DB plan with equal expected value at the assumed retirement age. Using utility as a measure of risk and participant preferences, the designs are particularly well suited to minimize participant risk, particularly while employees are accumulating retirement assets. From Cash Balance Symposium Monograph, M-RS02-3.

Description: List of Tables. From Economic Security for an Aging Canadian Population, M-RS99-2.

Description: This paper sets out some of the changes that have taken place in the State National Insurance Pension system in the United Kingdom. From The Old-Age Crisis - Actuarial Opportunities - The 1996 Bowles Symposium, M-RS99-1.

Description: Chapter 1 sets out the basic contention of this monograph that the reforms to the Canadian C/QPP represent primarily a cutting back of benefits and a partial privatization of Canada's retirement income security system. From Economic Security for an Aging Canadian Population, M-RS99-2.

Description: Chapter 6 examines the freezing of the Year's Basic Exemption YBE at $3500. While this reform seems small and is subtle, the importance of this change is discussed in detail. It is shown that this change saves the system little money but threatens the progressivity of the retirement income benefit within C/QPP. From Economic Security for an Aging Canadian Population, M-RS99-2.

Description: This paper summarizes the benefits and financing of the Medicare program, its financial status, and how the nation's impending demographic changes will affect the cost of the program. From The Old-Age Crisis - Actuarial Opportunities - The 1996 Bowles Symposium, M-RS99-1.

Description: Essay where payers desiring to optimize health gains per dollar spent should avoid “across the board” cost sharing, and instead implement a “value based” design that removes barriers/provides incentives to encourage desired behaviors for patients and providers.