Description: A review of the recent history of the actuarial profession in Pakistan and the near term future as of the year 2000.

Description: Discusses the steps taken in Singapore to improve governance and enhance disclosure for traditional life participating business.

Description: This essay argues against the securitization of residential mortgages. The originating lending institution should have significant skin in the game when it makes a loan, but the securitization process removes this important financial control.

Description: The purpose of paper is to outline and illustrate some of the more important differences among the current US and Canadian regulatory capital regimes and the standard formula of the Solvency II framework using a hypothetical term-life insurance portfolio as an example.

Description: A discussion of the Brazilian Health Industry

Description: A broad discussion of Israel’s Life Insurance Industry

Description: This paper discusses the new Basel Accord for Capital Adequacy which refines the minimum capital requirements for banks. The seesion looks at the analysis of credit and market risks with the emphasis on to what extent the collection, storage and evaluation of data calculated with internal approaches is dispensable by the use of Basel II-data for bank banagement.

Description: 2011 Enterprise Risk Management Symposium, Chicago. The stated goal of this paper is to describe the general idea of risk appetite, its implementation framework and the process to set it within a bank with a strong focus on the interactions with other processes such as planning and control, performance evaluation and communication.

Description: This article gives an overview of the CFO Forum diversification paper. The key points that the CFO Forum made are: 1. The lack of sufficient diversifying strategies for risk management needs to be addressed. Therefore they provided a policy framework that promotes sound risk measurement and management practices in a way that can be implemented and supervised with confidence. 2. The lack of sufficient regulatory over-site needs to be addressed, so they presented a set of core principles to form the basis of European insurance regulation. These core principle incorporate diversification in a consistent manner.

Description: This essay examines the root causes of the 2008 global financial crisis precipitated by the bursting of the housing bubble. The author suggests that if fraud is not addressed, future crises, perhaps even worse, will occur.