Description: Essay discussing cost, quality and access of healthcare and then describes the need for rationing.

Description: This article is the second in a two part series that summarizes a longer paper that can be downloaded from the website of the Social Insurance and Public Finance Section. Both articles take the form of a point-counterpoint dialogue addressing important aspects of social insurance programs. The first part discussed their nature, desirability and advantages, as well as whether they can form a framework to achieve sustainable inter-generational equity. This article focuses on whether pre-funding of a social insurance program can occur and can contribute to the financial security of the participants. Fundamental differences of opinion exist regarding these programs, not only due to different personal and political values, but also as a result of the viewpoint taken (for example, assessment of the program in isolation, consideration of the sponsoring government's financial situation, or the overall national economy).

Description: A summary of the 2001 Individual Life and Annuity Expense Study

Description: Highlights from the 2002 Inter-Company Expense Study of U.S. Individual Life Insurance and Annuities.

Description: This graph indicates the overall historical trend in life expectancy at age 65.

Description: Highlights from a 2014 Living to 100 Symposium panel presentation of leading social security actuaries from Canada, the U.K. and the United States with panel members Jean-Claude Ménard, chief actuary of the Canada Pension Plan; Adrian Gallop, of the insurance and social security area of the Government Actuary’s Department in the U.K.; and Steve Goss, chief actuary of the U.S. Social Security Administration.