Description: Essays advocating for incentive compensation linked to the level of risk in an organization.

Description: Many top-performing businesses aren’t just risk aware, but rather risk intelligent. Such a posture helps prepare companies for a major event and can demonstrate to a regulator or auditor that an appropriately strong control framework is in place. Better still, companies gain real strategic value from a “risk adjusted” understanding not only of their threats and vulnerabilities, but also the upside opportunities associated with various risks. It starts with having both qualitative and quantitative information to identify, assess and manage risks. Strategic risk management, at its core, is about creating value by increasing transparency and accountability, and quality of information. More than a mere compliance exercise, effective risk management enables more informed strategic decision making, increased accountability and transparency, a greater likelihood of organizational success, and – ultimately – competitive advantage, as borne out by many studies that correlate risk management and financial results.

Description: Article describing key steps to develop an incentive compensation plan that aligns to the company’s risk profile, mitigate excessive risk taking, retain talent and meet the disclosure requirements. The yearly development cycle includes develop the incentive compensation program, communicate and implement and assess the plan performance on both short and long term horizon.

Description: This article presents claw-back features, option (barrier option, short put option and convertible deferred cash compensation) as possible tools in incentive compensation programs.

Description: List organizations types that does not have incentive that is aligned with public interest or interest of the organization itself.

Description: This paper employs the theory of real option pricing to address problems in the area of operational risk management. Particularly, it develops a two-stage model to help firms determine the optimal triggers in the event of an influenza pandemic. The first stage proposes a regime-dependent epidemic model to simulate the spread of the virus, depending on whether the firm is active or inactive. The second stage views the reactivation decision as a call option and the suspension decision as a put option, and uses dynamic programming method to determine the optimal switching thresholds.

Description: Mortality risk is the risk that a portfolio will suffer from mortality being heavier than expected. Longevity risk is the risk that a portfolio will suffer from mortality being lighter than expected. From Reinsurance Section News, November 2007, Issue No. 61.

Description: Overview of the model vetting practices of the last 20 years and challenges for the future.

Description: The author discusses and provides an example of how some companies’ enterprise risk management (ERM) programs are designed and implemented in ways that can unwittingly weaken the organization.

Description: Defines and discusses operational risk as it exists in every industry, especially as it exists in the financial services industry.