Description: Discussion the issues/difficulties associated with setting mortality assumptions for the later durations of life insurance illustrations. Because some UL products incorporate low cost of insurance charges in late durations as part of the current scale in the product design, some conclude that mortality improvement assumptions are being employed in the disciplined current scale, in violation of the Model Illustrations Regulation.

Description: Securitization of mortality risks is an alternative risk management tool that may have some advantages over reinsurance. The purpose of this paper is to study mortality-based securities, such as swaps and mortality bonds, and to price the proposed mortality securities. We focus on group life annuity data, although the techniques could be applied to other lines of annuity or life insurance.

Description: By disinformation we mean the inclusion of data that should not be considered in a study. In this paper we discuss a case in which the presence of disinformation was clear, but it was not possible to determine with certainly which records were extraneous.

Description: The Lee and Carter LC method is getting widely adopted for long-run forecasts of age specific mortality rates. That popularity is first due to the model simplicity. Moreover, the LC model has given successful results for various countries e.g. U.S., Chile, G7 countries. However, some difficulties arose when using population data from certain countries such as UK and Australia. In the present paper, the LC model is applied to data from four Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The Singular Value Decomposition SVD, the Weighted Least Square WLS and the Maximum Likelihood estimate MLE are used. These approaches give satisfactory results. The appropriate fitting period needs, however, to be well chosen. The properties of the model's parameters are studied using a bootstrap simulation.

Description: A report on the results of the latest intercompany study of mortality experience under structured settlement annuities for the exposure years 2009-13.

Description: The second part of a roundtable discussion on principals-based approach [PBA] and the life insurance industry, in this part discussing mortality experience studies. The first part appeared in the August/September 2008 issue of The Actuary.

Description: Recurrence relations arise naturally in life contingencies for 2 reasons - the aggregate law of mortality, which relates the distribution of the future life times of 2 insureds, if one of them and the other is that most life insurance products can be constructed as a portfolio of 2 basic product types. We use the above simple idea and the extra freedom provided by the fractional age distribution to reveal a structure behind some common recursions. The structure has obvious pedagogical value. More interestingly, a software based on it has been implemented which facilitates actuarial computing.

Description: A follow-up to the first Preferred Class Structure Report, which contains the additional analysis of areas identified while preparing the first report of preferred class structure data from statistical agent submissions.

Description: An experience study of individual payout annuities covering calendar years 2009 through 2013.

Description: Report on follow-up survey conducted in Jul/Aug 2017, which covered accelerated underwriting and predictive analytics.