Description: Cost sharing reduction (CSR) payments are offered to low-income individual insurance buyers under the ACA. After October 2017, the difference in costs between the standard silver plan and CSR variants were defunded. To cover the costs of defunding, insurers have increased rates either through "broad loading" or "silver loading." States are approaching this adjustment differently, which is leading to some interesting differences between states. This article will review these differences.

Description: The Living to 100 monograph is composed of the papers, essays, panel discussions, teaching and keynote sessions presented at the symposium.

Description: In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has taken an increasingly prominent role as a potential tool for improving processes from standard internet searches to its use in improving actuarial modeling through machine learning and other applications. The use of AI models and machine learning could lead additional and ongoing improvement of predictive capabilities in health care reserves resulting in potentially more accurate reserve estimates, financial statements and decreases in model variance.