Description: The post COVID-19 period exhibited a fast-changing capital market with higher interest rates, uncertain monetary policies, and revaluation of asset classes. At the same time, regulators introduced changes to reward better risk management, such as the scenario-based approach for reserving under Bermuda regulatory framework. For life reinsurers, while new opportunities arising from these changes, challenges also exist to be able to adjust reinsurance portfolios and ALM strategies appropriately. A holistic modeling framework can assist companies better position themselves in front of these challenges and other potential future unknowns. In particular, a well-designed stochastic and dynamic modeling framework enables the quantifications of such probabilities and potential impacts.

Description: This webcast compares and contrasts four key regulatory capital regimes for life insurers around the world: Risk-Based Capital (RBC) in the United States, Life Insurer Capital Adequacy Test (LICAT) in Canada, Solvency II in the European Union and the Bermuda Insurance Solvency (BIS) Framework in Bermuda.

Description: Technology now supports customized non-level death benefits which help consumers optimize their coverage and cost. Creating individual policies and individually pricing them for a level premium quote is the start of personalizing and optimizing coverage and cost for consumers and pricing life insurance policies at the individual consumer level --- a revolution for actuaries.

Description: This article is based on a presentation made by Jim Campbell at the Annual Conference of the Professional Insurance Marketing AssociationPIMAon banks in todays insurance distribution landscape. From News Direct, September 2005, Issue No. 51.

Description: This research report is the result of a second phase examination of the impact of VM-20 on life insurance product development.

Description: 2013 SOA Expense Study Worksheet Company Information form.

Description: This report is a summary based on current actuarial practices around the development and use of policyholder behavior assumptions including the use of dynamic modeling approaches. The research team surveyed and evaluated current practices in the industry; and highlighted current thinking on modeling human behaviors outside the life insurance industry. This project was sponsored by the SOA’s Financial Reporting Section and the Committee on Life Insurance Research.

Description: The Marketing and Distribution Section initiated a multi-phase research effort to better understand the middle market for life insurance and to identify segments that would allow the industry to better target customer needs. Supported by the Committee on Life Insurance Research, Product Development and Reinsurance Sections, the phase one research examined young families between the ages of 25 and 40 with household income of $35K-$125K and who have individual life insurance or financial dependents. This summarizes the results of this study and is authored by Dr. Walter Zultowski of WZ Research + Consulting and Dr. Brian Perlman of Mathew Greenwald & Associates.

Description: This SOA research report produced by Kamakura Corporation helps illuminate credit risk modeling techniques within the life insurance industry. It includes a review of available research on the subject from academic and industry sources, the development and distribution of a survey on actual techniques used within the industry, and all associated analysis. The finance and economics literature review provides a historical review of academic research on credit modeling with Altman Z-scores, Merton’s structural model and more recent “reduced form models” The industry literature includes discussions of the various credit modeling techniques, factor-based approaches, credit migration models, structural models, reduced form models, hybrid models, actuarial models and credit scoring models. As credit risk modeling is an extremely broad topic, the scope of the survey is narrowed to particular asset classes and functions. There were 22 responses in total to the survey from locations in Canada, Europe and the United states.

Description: Authored by a MIB Solutions team of Tom Rhodes, Stuart Klugman, Marianne Purushotham and Stacy Gill, the report summarizes the results of a study on the application and adoption of credibility theory within the life insurance and annuity industry. This excel spreadsheet is a numerical example relating to the application of Credibility for lapses. Please see the SOA website research section for the complete research report on Credibility Theory Practices.