Description: Informative discussion about pricing techniques, including: [1] uses of return on investment [ROI], GAAP return on equity [ROE], and universal life [UL] and other profit measures, [2] scenario testing, [3] expenses, [4] target surplus, and [5] federal-income-tax considerations. From the 1988 Record of Society of Actuaries, Vol. 14, No. 2.

Description: This paper considers in more detail the differences between provisions necessary for nonparticipating and those necessary for participating adjustable life policies and will provide a possible means of designing nonparticipating policies that can adjust directly to future changes in mortality and interest valuation bases. A discussion of the paper follows. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1979, Vol 31.

Description: This paper develops a new method of determining long-range interest rate assumptions. Followed by discussion papers submitted by 2 authors

Description: This paper looks at the development of life insurance premium rates based on their policy size, and the methods for doing so. Discussions of this paper are included.

Description: This report describes the results of a survey on reflecting risk in pricing. The survey expands on one conducted in 2003 and was expanded to include life, health, P&C, and non-North American insurance companies.

Description: Discussion of issues of particular interest to small insurance companies. Includes the following topics: A. Considerations governing the mortality bases used in determining for ordinary insurance for nonparticipating premium rates and for dividends. Mortality studies available to assess the suitability of available mortality tables or modifications of them. B. Advantages and disadvantages of special termination dividends or special quinquennial dividends. C. Desirability and feasibility of having separate dividend scales for policies which include disability benefits, double indemnity benefits or both. D. Relative advantages of a three-factor dividend system versus an experience premium system. Discussion of how the latter is applied.

Description: Panel discussion of the following topics: A. Recent revisions been made in the mortality, interest, and expense assumptions upon which life insurance premium rates are based. B. Factors considered in recent revisions of premium rates for substandard risks. C. The extent to which deficiency reserves been required as a result of recent decreases in nonparticipating premium rates for life insurance D. Recent changes in disability premium rates for women.

Description: This article summarizes the findings of the 2020/2021 Milliman UL/IUL/VUL survey. The survey covers a range of specific product and actuarial issues and the results provide a good tool for benchmarking

Description: This session reviewed the distinctions and blurring of those distinctions between group and individual life insurance. Topics include differences in underwriting, legal constraints, marketing and distribution, and the nature of guarantees provided

Description: Discusses how competitive pressures are dramatically altering the distribution process for life insurance. Product pricing and client service are cornerstones in the changes to distribution.