Description: 1993 SOA Annual Meeting, New York. This session is about the use of cash-flow testing in product development. Topics addressed: 1. The problem of interest rate risk and its driving forces. 2. The assumptions needed for cash-flow testing. 3. The pros and cons of deterministic versus stochastic testing. 4. The economic quantities measured in cash-flow testing. 5. The the technique of market-value analysis. 6. Research done to apply modem finance theory to determine the net worth of the enterprise in a way that directly demonstrates the financial impact of embedded options in assets and liabilities. 7. The technique of market-value analysis which adopts the innovations of duration/convexity analysis and option-pricing theory and applies these concepts to insurance liabilities. 8. The application of modern finance theory to determine the net worth of the enterprise. 9. A description of different uses of the OAVDE tool.

Description: In this session from the 1995 Spring Meeting, panelists will discuss the structure, cost, and reserving practices of variable annuity guaranteed minimum death benefits. They also identify and meaure the risks associated with GMDBs. It From Record of Society of Actuaries Vol. 21, No. 1.

Description: The article provides a complete and rigorous analysis based on calculus for the topics in the theory of compound interest: the monotone convergence properties of the rates of interest and discount payable m times per interest conversion period in relation to the force of interest, the monotone convergence properties of the present value and accumulated value of an ordinary annuity with m payments per interest conversion period in relation to those of a continuously paying ordinary annuity and a method for approximating the present value of an ordinary annuity, or an increasing annuity with m payments per interest conversion period, by accumulating, at compound interest for the fraction m - l/2m of an interest conversion period, the present value of the same type of annuity with one payment per interest conversion period.

Description: This session at the SOA 2001 Toronto Spring Meeting offers an overview of stochastic pricing including stochastic variables, equity market models, interest rate models and policyholder behavior. An example is given using a variable annuity product.

Description: Summary of the SOA's Annuity Valuation with Dependent Mortality research report which examines the standard industry practice of assuming independent lives for insurance products that cover multiple lives.

Description: This session from the 1983 SOA Hollywood, Florida Meeting discusses the Norris case, the Fair Insurance Practices Act and HR100, known as the Non-Discrimination in Insurance Act and the implications of these current developments regarding risk classification in the insurance industry and pension plans. From Record of the Society Vol. 9, No. 4

Description: The first part of this article illustrates why long duration recurring premium products are particularly risky using the concept of fragility. The second part explores some ideas for antifragile products, which would enable the industry to benefit from the new banking requirements.

Description: The author's asserts that when estimating life expectancy, care should be taken to account for how trends in mortality can change over time change over time and that by assuming they remain constant, one can underestimate life expectancy and therefore undervalue annuity products.

Description: This discussion is about various methods for grading premiums and/or cash values by face amount size. Also a discussion of reasonable interest and mortality assumptions for computing retirement income policy maturity values and optional settlement rates guaranteed in new policies.

Description: Development of a formula for the continuous annuity ax:n| in terms of the Makeham parameters A, B, and c, and the force of interest. Followed by several discussion papers submitted