Description: This paper presents an introduction to collective risk theory. In collective risk theory one seeks to investigate directly the risk enterprise as a whole. Primary interest is focused not upon the gains, losses, or claims from individual policies but upon the amount of total claims or the total gain arising from all the policies in the portfolio considered. Followed by several discussion papers submitted.

Description: The Reinsurance Section, Product Development Section and the Committee on Life Insurance Research are pleased to present results from a company practice survey of individual life insurance accelerated underwriting. Performed by a Milliman team led by Al Klein and Karen Rudolph, the study provides perspectives from both direct life insurance companies and reinsurers. Among the areas addressed include the structure of accelerated underwriting programs, how programs are monitored, how accelerated underwritten business is performing relative to expectations and how companies are considering accelerated underwriting cohorts in the context of VM-20 assumption setting.

Description: Because of its complexity, ensuring the security of cyberspace is one of today’s most significant challenges. As the cyber environment becomes more integrated with the real world, the direct impact of cybersecurity incidents on business is also heightened. This study aims to develop a generic model that can be applied by any organization. For the validation of the developed cyber risk analysis method, simulations and sensitivity analysis will be performed.

Description: This is an excel spreadsheet showing Appendix F, Relative Risk, of the 2008 Valuation Basic Table Report and Tables. The full report describes the development of the 2008 Valuation Basic Tables. It incorporates the Primary Tables, the Relative Risk Tables, and the Limited Underwriting tables. Please see the SOA website experience studies for the full report and all other related tables.

Description: This study and report have the following primary purposes: 1. Evaluate recent mortality experience relative to standard industry mortality tables, at a broad level. 2. Observe general trends in mortality experience by key policy characteristics. Where possible, provide insights into the industry changes contributing to the observed trends. 3. Provide the underlying data in spreadsheet pivot table format for further investigation by qualified actuaries. Provide data also in a delimited text file and Tableau dashboards for use with other software tools.

Description: This research material provides an evaluation and synthesis of the methodologies and data samples used on characterizing health care fraud

Description: This report utilizes a literature review, company survey, company interviews and/or other methods to catalog a listing of common living benefit riders. It was sponsored by the Product Development and Reinsurance Sections along with the Committee on Life Insurance Research. This paper has several goals in relation to each living benefit rider type: to define various living benefit riders, to provide historical sales data and general filing requirements, to explore how underwriting and administration is handled, and to comment briefly on the overall level of claims activity experienced thus far compared to pricing expectations. In addition, it includes a review of the direct and reinsurance pricing implications of the riders to the extent they impact policyholder optionality and base plan financial characteristics. This paper includes perspectives developed through the experience of the authors, and includes executive summaries of a survey conducted by the SOA and Milliman of 34 direct writers, and interviews that Milliman conducted with 8 reinsurers.

Description: A review of the e-book, "Universal Coverage of Long-Term Care in the United States: Can We Get There from Here?"

Description: Health care payment is shifting from the predominant fee-for-service model to value-based models to better control costs and improve quality.

Description: The implications of the new long-term care law for individuals, employers, insurers and providers, and the federal government.