Description: This paper outlines how derivation of many balance sheet items can be improved both at the year end and at interim shipment dates by a company which utilizes data processing equipment. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1958, Vol. 10, No. 28.

Description: The purpose of this paper is to set forth a mathematical technique which in the author's experience has proved useful in testing the tax implications of various management actions.

Description: Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2018-12, commonly referred to as long duration targeted improvements (LDTI), is the most significant GAAP accounting change impacting the life insurance industry in the past 40 years. This article discusses the impact of LDTI on variable annuities (VA) and fixed indexed annuities (FIA) from a product development and in-force management angle. Detailed discussion topics include hedging and ALM, product strategy and development, and pricing. LDTI will cause many VA and FIA writers to re-evaluate their hedging and asset liability management (ALM) strategy following the move to fair value accounting under the new MRB requirement. Stakeholder appetite for accounting volatility and resulting changes to hedging and ALM may trigger changes in product mix and designs. In addition to updating pricing infrastructure to handle the new requirements, pricing actuaries will need to produce analyses to educate stakeholders on the risks and pricing implications of any changes to designs, hedging and ALM.

Description: Thoughts on the future of financial reporting.

Description: Existing actuarial literature does not provide a consolidated comparison of the available alternatives for accounting for universal life. This paper will analyze the similarities and differences between the existing prescribed method and the proposed alternatives. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1987, Vol. 39.

Description: This article discusses market declines and the impact that white collar crime or gross dishonesty in financial reporting can have on market declines.

Description: The author speculates that the world wide promulgation of fair value accounting standards will make the normal shape of the rate curve downward sloping rather than the upward sloping curve that is normally seen. The author explains why this trend is expected.

Description: Find more information about Actuarial System Implications of VM-20.

Description: In this article, the author gives an overview a number of Enterprise Risk Management ERM issues that arise when one considers the impact of income tax on a fair value accounting system.

Description: US GAAP for Life Insurers chapter 9 spreadsheets showing examples of payout annuities. Please see the book US GAAP for Life Insurers for more details on US GAAP accounting.