Description: This paper presents a procedure for calculating aggregate stop-loss premiums that takes parameter uncertainty into account. From Actuarial Research Clearing House ARCH 1988, Vol. 3

Description: This paper arose from an investigation into the concept of yield rate. The paper first outlines the difficulties involved in comparing financial transactions strictly on the basis of yield it then develops an approach that does not depend on yield rates. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1980, Vol. 32.

Description: Sets forth the history of the actuarial responsibilities for the Social Security System since the Act of 1935.

Description: How to make the third pillar of the pension system develop faster is a hot topic in the field of social security research in recent years. Its development is facing three dilemmas: cognitive dilemma, economic transformation dilemma and incentive dilemma. According to the order from easy to difficult, four suggestions are put forward: to build the third pillar system by introducing personal accounts; to separate individual accounts from urban and rural residence insurance and put them in the third pillar; to integrate housing funds into the third pillar; to turn short-term bank savings into long-term pension reserve by improving social welfare.

Description: The interest-adjusted method has come to be the most widely accepted method for comparing costs of individual life insurance policies. This paper presents a relatively simple modification of the interest-adjusted cost method that serves more general purposes satisfactorily. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1980, Vol. 32.

Description: This paper provides a method for estimating long-tailed unpaid losses from paid loss development using trended generalized bondy development. From Actuarial Research Clearing House 1993, VOL. 3.

Description: This paper presents a short method of calculating, without approximation, substandard annual extra premiums based on the standard net amount at risk. The method proposed in this paper, is by means of specially constructed auxiliary commutation columns, eliminating the need for any summation, and producing exact values of any extra premiums by relatively simple formulas. A mathematical proof of the methodology is provided.

Description: This is a report on Phase 2 of a research project on the role of automated systems in life insurance underwriting. This paper discusses: 1. How and why companies are using automation to make underwriting decisions. 2. Its impact upon operational efficiency, sales, and retention. 3. The quality of risk selection produced by automated systems. 4. Cultural acceptance of increased automation in underwriting. 5. Challenges insurers must overcome to implement and maintain automated underwriting.

Description: This paper describes the history of the first United States Government Actuary, Ezekiel B. Elliot and his successors, including the types of services these actuaries performed. This article is followed by a discussion by several authors.

Description: The objective of this paper is to provide a practical guide with concrete case studies to help actuaries implement artificial intelligence and machine learning (AIML) to help accelerate the speed of analysis for life and annuity actuarial modeling. We do so by researching the existing literature regarding AIML and its applicability to stochastic modeling and exploring case studies.