Description: This paper discusses the underlying nature of the Social Security program, certain erroneous views of the program, various Advisory Council proposed solutions to the long-range financing problems, and the probability that no solution stands any chance of being enacted. From The Old-Age Crisis - Actuarial Opportunities - The 1996 Bowles Symposium, M-RS99-1.

Description: This paper attempts to gather information regarding various components of the Canadian retirement income system, and to quantify the impact on the system of unanticipated morality improvements, particularly at age 65 and over, and of lower than expected equity returns. From 2005 Living to 100 and Beyond Monograph, M-LI05-1.