Description: Among many purposes, this paper will outline the theory of gain and loss analysis for pension fund valuations, indicate practical problems met in applying the theory to two model plans and show the Fackler accumulation formulas. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1959, Vol. 11, No. 31.

Description: The standard for measuring retirement income adequacy has been the final earnings replacement rate (usually targeted at 70%). But - does it work?

Description: Comments on Robert North’s paper, a real case study of disclosing MVL in a public employee retirement system.

Description: A response to the comments on the paper.

Description: The article is a summary of Society of Actuaries report entitled “Annuity Market Pricing Approaches” sponsored by the Retirement Section Research Committee. The report examines the Canadian Institute of Actuaries (CIA) methodology of developing solvency valuation assumptions, compares it to methods used in the U.S., and considers if it could be used in other markets, such as U.S. group annuities or individual annuities

Description: Discussion of competing theories for valuing public pension liabilities. Emphasis on revised Actuarial Standards of Practice that focus on the purpose of the measurement.

Description: The purpose of this paper is to describe an actuarially acceptable and mathematically definitive method for allocating gains by source. Followed by a discussion paper submitted

Description: This panel discussion, which occurred at the May 1982 Society of Actuaries meeting in Colorado Springs, led a discussion related to employer's accounting for pensions and other post-employment benefits. Topics included: 1. Present accounting rules and background in connection with pension plans 2. The purposes for pension accounting rules in general 3. The nature of pension arrangements and the implication of their character for: a. Corporate liabilities and net worth h. Periodic charges to corporate income on account of pensions 4. Effect of actuarial gains and losses and the relationship of non-penslon post-retirement benefits to pensions, from an accounting viewpoint

Description: An extension of a paper published in the 1952 Transactions by the same author, describing and classifying various funding methods for defined benefit pension plans. Followed by discussion papers submitted by several authors.