Description: This report is an update to a 2014 paper related to changes in the continually evolving pension risk transfer landscape. This updated report seeks to discuss pension risk transfer in depth and identify key de-risking actions, alternatives and triggers that impact pension risk transfer strategies.

Description: This research report explores investment year methodology to set renewal credited rates. There is an accompanying Excel workbook created as a teaching aide.

Description: This research report explores investment year methodology to set renewal credited rates. There is an accompanying Excel workbook created as a teaching aide.

Description: With this paper, a new theory of immunization is introduced in which the approach is multivariate, and the goal is stochastic in the sense of minimizing stochastic risk. Discussions of this paper are included.

Description: In this paper, we consider the relationship between salary growth, stock and long bond returns. We use this to suggest that equities may have a role in hedging final salary-related benefits. Simulations from the empirical distribution for salaries, equities and interest rates are used to demonstrate the quantile hedge.

Description: This paper presents the theory of immunization of investments to changes in interest rates and provides an extensive series of examples and formulas used in its implementation. Also presents some implications for investment behavior, product development, interest assumptions, valuation and adjusted earnings. Discussions of this paper are included.

Description: There have been many examples of interest rate swap deals which have not produced the desired results for the end-user, largely due to unanticipated interest rate movements. While the authors of this paper strongly believe that derivatives, such as IR swaps, are powerful tools, which when used properly can effectively transfer risk and enhance the efficiency of markets, they also believe it is critically important to analyze the potential exposure to interest-rate risk. In this article, they provide the necessary background to measure this potential exposure.