Description: The article focuses on GAAP accounting for indexed products with riders; specifically, how rider charges should be addressed in FAS 133 reserves, estimated gross profits for FAS 97, and company financial statements.

Description: A discussion of the possible effort required and impacts resulting from the implementation of C3 Phase II for establishing risk-based capital for variable annuities. This article will describe practical considerations gleaned from actual valuation calculations recently performed by a consulting firm.

Description: This article analyzes two common interpretations of SOP 03-1 in determining the guaranteed minimum death benefit GMDB liability in a variable annuity contract, and it analyzes the resulting impact on the initial GMDB reserve and on the volatility of GAAP earnings as actual experience emerges. This analysis could be applied to the guaranteed minimum income benefit GMIB, guaranteed minimum accumulation benefit GMAB, guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit GMWB and other guaranteed benefits in a variable annuity contract that are subject to SOP 03-1, and the conclusions would be similar.

Description: Provide high level summary of changes to Valuation Rates for Payout Annuities and similar contracts.

Description: Perspectives on the Valuation Manual.

Description: This article summarizes the key changes to VM-31 requirements in the 2020 version of the Valuation Manual for both life and variable annuities, and compares and contrasts the requirements for each. In addition, the article offers insights into common issues and recommendations for VM-31 reports from the viewpoints of a regulator, consultant, and company actuary.

Description: This article summarizes the results of the survey covering industry practices relating to the valuation of variable annuities under FAS 133/157 including implied volatility parameters used in the FAS 133/157 liability scenario generator, non-performance risk and liquidity premium adjustments to discount rates, as well as the determination of risk margins.

Description: Description of FASB redeliberations on targeted improvements for long duration contracts as of the end of 2017, including a summary of the anticipated impacts

Description: A methodology for calculating risk margins related to policyholder behavior risks for guaranteed living benefits on variable annuities when measuring fair value under FAS 157.

Description: A discussion of risk based capital for annuities RBC C-3 Phase II