Description: A mathematical framework for benefits and choices must be created to model benefit selection. This paper creates such a framework by defining benefit plans as reimbursement functions. These are then used with a defined choice function to calculate the cost deviation due to selection. Finally, utility functions can be applied to this framework to predict choice.

Description: This paper attempts to reduce several variables to their bare minimum and to investigate how the cost of vesting depends upon those few that remain. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1972, Vol. 24, Pt. 1, No. 70.

Description: This paper describes the actuarial valuation method for pension plans, the formulas and assumptions used, and the way these assumptions might be chosen. A case study is presented. Followed by several discussion papers submitted

Description: This paper gives a mathematical proof of the frequently expressed concept that under the entry age normal method of valuing a retirement plan, the salary scale applies retroactively. That is, it demonstrates that the valuation of a plan assumes that all past contributions to the plan were based on salaries which, when projected by the salary scale, reproduce the present level of income. The concept of retroactivity is also applied to a situation where there is a constant offset such as the social security benefit. In addition, the paper discusses the effect on this liability resulting from an increase in salary in excess of the increase provided by the salary scale and the effect on the liability of certain types of salary-scale changes. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1973, Vol. 25, Pt. 1, No. 72AB.

Description: This is a discussion of 'The Generalized Family of Aggregate Actuarial Cost Methods for Pension Funding' by John R. Taylor. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1967, Vol. 19, Pt. 1, No. 54.

Description: Financing a defined benefit pension plan can be accomplished in various ways. With the help of a one-life example, this paper gives an elementary actuarial perspective of the problems that arise when a new defined benefit pension plan is initiated, and of the various actuarial concepts and methods developed to ascertain the cost of these pension benefits. The paper shows the range of the cost alternatives conceptually available upon creation of the pension plan. Actuarial formulas are provided in footnotes. The paper is intended as an introduction to defined benefit pension cost determination as well as an elementary example which may be of value in explaining cost alternatives to an actuary's client. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1975, Vol. 27.

Description: This discussion on pension and retirement plans looks at assumptions made concerning investment yield rates, mortality, rates of disablement and disabled life mortality. Additional discussion focusing on looking at a trend away from individual policy pension plans toward Group Annuities. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1961, Vol. 13, Pt. 2.

Description: This paper adopts the framework whereby pension benefits are allocated one exit point at a time in some fashion to the years of service of those persons expected to leave at each exit point. Of particular interest is an allocation by interest-adjusted salary. From the Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1994, Vol. 46.

Description: This paper develops a family of accrued benefit actuarial cost methods which permits the purchase of retirement income at either an accelerating or decelerating rate. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1967, Vol. 19, Pt. 1, No. 54.

Description: Among many purposes, this paper will outline the theory of gain and loss analysis for pension fund valuations, indicate practical problems met in applying the theory to two model plans and show the Fackler accumulation formulas. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1959, Vol. 11, No. 31.