Description: The second part of a two-part Canadian Corner article on Segregated Fund Guarantees. Part I ran in the June 1998 issue of Product Development News.

Description: Presented at October 1996 Annual Meeting. An update on Futurism Section activities followed by an introduction to common techniques of futurism. Examples are given how actuaries can use these techniques in their day-to-day work.

Description: Presented at October 1996 Annual Meeting. This session presents a forecasting model of economic assumptions that are inputs to projections of the Social Security system. Social Security projections are made to help policymakers understand the financial stability of the system.

Description: Presented at October 1996 Annual Meeting. Discusses the new regulatory requirements, including the invention of an illustration actuary and what the job entails, and the tasks to be accomplished in achieving compliance.

Description: Presented at October 1996 Annual Meeting. Recent surveys on asset/liability management 'ALM' practices provide the basis for this discussion of ALM practices in the insurance industry. Participants discuss the tools and techniques used by their companies.

Description: Presented at June 1996 Spring Meeting. This session presents an overview of the SOA cosponsored conference on fair value of insurance liabilities, including a comparison of some of the methods presented. The session also provides a status update of recent industry and professional activities and what the future may hold for the use of fair value of insurance liabilities in insurance company financial statements.

Description: Presented at June 1996 Spring Meeting. Discusses pension funding adequacy and targets.

Description: In this presentation Nobel-prize-winning theorems of economics and corporate finance are introduced and followed by a discussion of how the recent waves of corporate restructuring, mergers and acquisitions are motivated by these important and basic theorems. There is also an overview of the SOA's investment and finance education courses. Course F-580 is corporate finance for any type of corporation.

Description: Presented at May 1996 Spring Meeting. Presents case studies on the use of technology to solve some of the problems commonly encountered by actuaries in smaller companies.

Description: Presented at May 1996 Spring Meeting. Discusses the new capabilities offered by Windows 95 from the perspectives of the end-user, software developer, and system administrator.

Description: Presented at May 1996 Spring Meeting. This session offers a retrospective and prospective look at the development of actuarial pricing models and technology tools.

Description: Panelists of this teaching session discuss: [1] policyholder and company behavior and its impact on model and assumptions, [2] model purpose and structure, data collection, and behavior models, and [3] the modeling process, including objectives, considerations, constraints, and validation. Session 10 of the 1996 Valuation Actuary Symposium.

Description: Presented at September 1995 Valuation Actuary Symposium. This session talks about the tools and methods for asset modeling, particularly mortgages and asset-backed securities.

Description: Presented at September 1995 Valuation Actuary Symposium. Discusses surplus management, including RBC, the capital management process and techniques, allocations of capital, raising capital, and rating agencies.

Description: Presented at September 1995 Valuation Actuary Symposium. This session will go over the confusing reconciliation requirements which appointed actuaries have to comply with before signing off on the actuarial opinion.

Description: Presented at September 1995 Valuation Actuary Symposium. This session talks about the Long-Term Care Insurance Valuation Task Force report.

Description: Presented at September 1995 Valuation Actuary Symposium. A distinguished panel of experts and a host of interesting and timely questions regarding financial reporting and valuation actuaries.

Description: This article announces the release of a handbook written by the DFCA Task Force for assisting actuaries who are doing Dynamic Financial Condition Analysis.

Description: Presented at September 1994 Valuation Actuary Symposium. Discusses the differences in modeling separate account products vs. general account products.

Description: Summary of Part II of the survey of Appointed Actuaries, sponsored by the American Academy of Actuaries Committee on Life Insurance Financia1 Reporting and the Society of Actuaries Financial Reporting Section, which asked appointed actuary various questions on methodology and assumptions employed for asset adequacy testing.

Description: This paper develops an analytical method for evaluating the utility of tax-planning activities that cause initial statutory surplus strain and expands the horizon beyond normal pricing applications to the evaluation of other activities requiring the initial investment of statutory surplus.

Description: This paper describes risk-factor-dependent multiple decrements and actuarial cost functions as a general compartment model, a discrete time and discrete state stochastic model of morbidity and mortality processes. For large numbers of risk factors, the model is extended to its natural continuous time and state form. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1991, Vol. 43.

Description: Discusses asset and liability modeling for collateralized mortgage obligations [CMOs]. Assumes knowledge from previous Session 3. Session 8 of the 1991 Valuation Actuary Symposium.

Description: Panelists discuss the new Guideline XXX for reserves for term products, including re-entry term, and in the context of HIV/AIDS. Session 5 of the 1991 Valuation Actuary Symposium.

Description: The concept of Value Added [based on Embedded Value] is discussed in detail, from theory to implementation, pros and cons, and how it works in practice. Session 11 of the 1991 Valuation Actuary Symposium.

Description: The excess spread approach introduced in this paper addresses the true economic profitability of investment oriented products by looking at the spread between the earnings rate on the assets and the rate required to be earned on the assets to satisfy the liabilities. For many products, an important part of the liability cost is the value of interest rate options embedded in the policies. The excess spread approach incorporates an option-pricing technique that is sufficiently flexible to handle different interest rate environments.

Description: This paper illustrates a procedure for analyzing the sources of profit under FAS 97 and suggests an analytical procedure for reflecting actual experience and revised future assumptions in the recalculation of the estimated gross profit defined by FAS 97.

Description: This session discussion is about surplus requirements, unique health insurance surplus needs, and the impact of A.M. Best and other rating agencies. From Record of the Society of Actuaries Vol. 15, No. 1

Description: Discusses the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and the limits taking effect in 1989 relative to Social Security integration, final- and career-average and offset plans, and defined-contribution plans. From the 1988 Record of Society of Actuaries, Vol. 14, No. 4B.

Description: Discusses a case study based on an actual asset/liability management situation, and is reviewed by the consulting actuary, the chief executive officer and the investment officer involved. From the 1987 Record of Society of Actuaries, Vol. 13, No. 3.

Description: This session discussion is about development of medical cost estimates, differences between indemnity and HMO techniques, relationship of premiums and capitations, HMO organizational structures, experience rating, community rating and community rating by class. From Record of the Society of Actuaries 1987 Vol. 13, No. 1.

Description: 1987 Valuation Actuary Handbook: Chapter 1: Addresses life insurance company statutory reserve valuation.

Description: From the 1986 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held in Washington DC in October 1986 Discussion of emerging practice and regulations of the NAIC and New York Insurance Department with respect to requirements placed on the methods and assumptions used by the valuation actuary in producing the support for the Actuarial Opinion as to the adequacy of reserves for life insurance companies

Description: Presented at October 1986 Annual Meeting. This session discussion is about life & health products, media selection, acquisition expenses and analysis of efforts.

Description: Presented at October 1986 Annual Meeting. This session discussion is about profit analysis and elements of profit such as: interest, mortality, lapse experience, expenses, reinsurance, taxes. It also about use of profit analysis as a business tool to drive management action.

Description: From the 1986 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held in Washington DC in October 1986 Examination of the nuts and bolts of cash flow testing analysis.

Description: Presented at May 1986 Spring Meeting. This session discussion is about techniques companies are using to maintain compatibility between investment practices and pricing assumptions for interest-sensitive products: Segregated assets, Use of options/futures, Asset/liability matching, Market value adjustments.

Description: Presented at May 1986 Spring Meeting. This session discussion is about the purposes, tools and methods available, scenario testing, updating, special issues and problems. This discussion anticipates the development of new Valuation Actuary reserve adequacy opinion requirements.

Description: Presented at May 1986 Spring Meeting. This session discussion is about regulatory aspects, administrative aspects, financial reporting issues and Canadian products.

Description: Presented at October 19895 Annual Meeting. This session is about statutory, GAAP and management reporting for new life insurance and annuity products and nontraditional distribution systems.

Description: Presented at October 1985 Annual Meeting. Discusses 3 papers: 'Report on Reserve Standards for Individual and Group Health Insurance Contracts' by the AAA Committee on Health, 'Reserve Principles for Individual Health Insurance' by the Committee for Accident and Health, and 'Structure for Consideration of Health Coverage Valuation Standards' by an NAIC Health Subcommittee of Standing Technical Advisory Group.

Description: Presented at June 1985 Spring Meeting. Panelists shared actual experiences and practical techniques used in assessing the degree of match or mismatch between assets and liabilities for life insurance companies.

Description: Presented at May 1985 Spring Meeting. This session discussed: Overview of tax changes for different types of life insurers, Product impact by type of product, Implementation issues - calculating tax reserves, Tax planning implications.

Description: Presented at May 1985 Spring Meeting. This session discussed: Applicable American Academy of Actuaries financial reporting recommendations, Techniques used in establishing margins, Appropriate margins under internal replacement programs, GAAP earnings impact of various methods for establishing margins for adverse deviation, Special considerations for interest-sensitive and lapse-sensitive products.

Description: Presented at May 1985 Spring Meeting. Discusses: Target surplus formulas for specific product lines, Projecting product line surplus needs, How cost of capital is charged to product lines, Criteria to use in allocating capital to or withdrawing capital from specific product lines, Differing techniques appropriate for stock and mutual companies, Differing techniques appropriate for the United States and Canada, How capital allocation relates to regulatory requirements, How capital allocation relates to competition in other industries.

Description: Presented at May 1985 Spring Meeting. This session discussed: Capital gains and losses accounting, Internal sales of investments among portfolios, Equity investment accounting, Internal stripping of securities, Internally manufactured puts and calls, Allocation of taxes and investment expenses among portfolios, Accounting systems needed.

Description: Presented at May 1985 Spring Meeting. This session discussed: Applicable accounting rules, Replaced policies' unamortized acquisition costs, Capitalizing additional acquisition costs for new policies, Anti-selection on mortality experience of residual block, New policies' appropriate lapse, mortality and interest assumptions, Loss recognition testing, Differences in accounting treatment between the United States and Canada.

Description: Presented at April 1985 Spring Meeting. Discusses: Large plan actuarial assumptions, Small plan actuarial assumptions, Conflict between explicit assumptions and plan sponsor's objectives, and Immunization effect on the interest assumption.

Description: From the 1985 Valuation Actuary Symposium A review of the process involved in making an actuarial opinion and in developing the related actuarial report to management. This was accomplished through a case study approach, specifically covering a universal life product.

Description: From the 1985 Valuation Actuary Symposium Demonstration of the usefulness of the concepts of duration, interest rate sensitivity and, in particular, market values in analyzing the ability of assets to meet future liability demands.

Description: From the 1985 Valuation Actuary Symposium Discussion of techniques for determining capital requirements needed to support an insurance business, based on the nature of the assets and liabilities on the books and related investment strategies, using ALM modeling

Description: From the 1985 Valuation Actuary Symposium Discussion of the practical application of cash flow testing in the valuation process.

Description: From the 1985 Valuation Actuary Symposium Discussion of the process for evaluating the financial soundness of an insurance organization from organizations outside of the Company

Description: This session discusses income replacement, or disability, policies. Topics include how they work, design alternatives, marketing, underwriting, regulation, past experience and future trends. From the Record of the SOA, Vol. 8 No 3

Description: The Society's Task Force to Study Risk of Loss from Changes in the Interest Rate Environment C-3 Risk Task Force was formed in March 1981 with the charge to quantify C-3 risk. The Task Force made a preliminary report as part of a panel discussion on C-3 risk at the Society's October 1981 meeting in Atlanta. This presentation provides an update on the progress to date and its future plans.

Description: This panel discussed studies of the risk of loss due to changes in the interest rate environment. It addressed why the C-3 risk is important and how inflation and stability in interest rates can affect the financial soundness of life insurance companies. There was also a discussion of the theoretical work being carried out to calibrate the C-3 risk of variation in interest rates and to what extent the valuation actuary can properly recognize the risk of loss from changes in the interest rate environment within the framework of valuations laws and regulations.

Description: An increasing need exists for the actuary to provide ranges and frequency distributions of possible values instead of providing only mean values. This discussion will cover: projections of asset experience under various economic scenarios, a practical application of profit analysis using scenarios and a deterministic model, exploring possible values by means of stochastic modeling, and a description of the new life contingencies textbook's stochastic approach and application to some practical population and census problems. From Record of the Society of Actuaries 1981, Volume 7, No. 4.

Description: In this paper, a general model for a pension plan involving growth with respect to the population, salaries, and retirement benefits is used to study contribution patterns that may arise under different actuarial cost methods. Detailed results are presented for the case where the growth of population and the growth of salaries are described by exponential functions. Economic implications are presented and discussed. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1979, Vol. 31.

Description: This paper presents multiple book reviews: Reports from Staff of U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ways and Means and U.S. Senate Committee on Finance, Reports in Connection with Social Security Legislation 1975-77, 'Statement on Cost Comparisons of Individual Life Insurance Policies', by Canadian Institute of Actuaries, 'Investment Activities of Life Insurance Companies' from Huebner Foundation Lectures, 'The Life Insurance Industry's Marketing Dilemma' by Johns, 'The Future of Social Security' by Munnell, 'Social Security - Today and Tomorrow' by Ball, 'Mortality Table Construction' by Batten, 'Mortality Table Construction' by Batten, 'The Crisis in Social Security - Problems and Prospects' by Boskin, 'A History of Interest Rates' by Homer, 'Indexation of Pensions and Other Benefits' by Robert Myers, 'Life Insurance Accounting' by Strain, '1978 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund...' by US Congress. Brief summaries of additional readings are also included.

Description: A new approach to computing annual pension costs, based on an open-group projection of the participant population for a number of years, was described in detail in a paper published in the 1975 Transactions, entitled 'The Forecast Valuation Method for Pension Plans.' That paper described the operation of such a cost method at the initial valuation date. This paper discusses several alternative approaches to projection valuation methods and also describes how costs should be computed at valuation dates after the first one. In addition, the author illustrates projected contributions and asset buildups under both traditional [closed-group] cost methods and projected [open-group] cost methods, for a number of years under a variety of assumptions as to the growth rate of the participant group. Projection valuation methods have not been described heretofore in sufficient detail to make it possible for actuaries to use them on a recurring basis or for the Internal Revenue Service to make a determination as to the acceptability of such approaches for computing tax-deductible pension plan contributions. It is the hope of the author that this paper will fill both of those gaps. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1977, Vol. 29.

Description: This panel discussion from the 1977 SOA Meeting analyzes pension plan dynamics with Social Security and the Canadian governmental pension plans.

Description: Review of Fifty-Second Annual Report of the Board of Actuaries of the Civil Service Retirement System. The authors found it to be a concise well written report discussing a number of issues facing all pensions in an inflationary economy. Both the title and the dull format in the usual Government Printing Office style would seem to insure this document's instantaneous consignment to dead storage. However, behind the cover of this small pamphlet is a concise, well written report discussing-a-number of the issues facing not only federal pension programs at the present time, but all pensions in an inflationary economy. For example, several of the 11 pages devoted to the main report discuss the implications of static assumptions ignoring inflation as opposed to dynamic assumptions including inflation.

Description: This section presents book reviews and summaries of recent publications. Reviews: '1975 Annual Reports of the Board of Trustees of the Federal OASDI Trust Funds...' by the US Congress, 'Providing Adequate Retirement Income' by Schulz, Carrin, Krupp, Peschke, Sclar and Steenberge, 'Ernst & Ernst GAAP - Stock Life Companies' by Posnak, 'Reports of the Quadrennial Advisory Council on Social Security' by US Government, 'Fundamentals of Private Pensions' by McGill. Digests also included.

Description: This discussion panel which occurred at the SOA's 1975 Bal Harbor Meeting provided a forum for discussing Social Security in the United States. The topics included solutions to financing problems, non-discrimination considerations, possible benefit changes, and the disability experience of the program.

Description: This is a record of a session at the October 1975 Annual Meeting of the SOA. It discusses what can be done with a corporate model and how it can be used to solve problems. 1975 Record Vol. 1, No 4.

Description: This is a summary of a presentation made at the 1975 SOA annual meeting regarding statutory reserves, contingency reserves and life insurance company surplus.

Description: This presentation was made at the 1975 Spring Cincinnati Joint Meeting of the Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice and Society of Actuaries. It discussed the following: how to choose the best pension assumptions and methods, how to arrive at interest assumptions, and the advantages of cost methods that reflect assumptions about new entrants and other changes in the group. 1975 Record Vol. 1, No. 3

Description: This paper looks at mathematical problems formulated in either explicit or implicit form. Followed by several discussion papers submitted

Description: The actuarial profession is faced with a problem of determining delta-ized reserves on a basis which will include appropriate provision for adverse deviations in mortality, lapses, interest rates, and expense rates. This paper describes briefly a method which could be used to solve this Followed by papers submitted by 2 authors problem in a flexible manner.

Description: This paper outlines a method of parametric modeling that may be used to produce forecasts and forecast intervals that will convey a measure of the reliance that may be placed on the forecasts. Followed by 2 discussion papers submitted

Description: In this paper, a mathematical model is constructed to study the deviations of claims, investment performance, operating expenses, and lapse expenses as random stochastic processes. Discussions of the paper submitted by 2 readers follows

Description: This paper describes a method of comparing net costs of dissimilar life insurance contracts. The principles are consistent with those of the interest-adjusted method recommended by the Moorhead committee. The significance of the results, possible applications of the method, and some concerns and conclusions are discussed.

Description: Digests of following discussions: 1. Mutual life insurance companies - their objectives and operating philosophy 2. State, provincial, and municipal employee pension plans - financing and other problems 3. Mortality and underwriting of individual policies for large amounts 4. Investing during the 1970's 5. Long-range viability and regulation of corporate pension plans 6. Forecasting the environment for business 7. Liabilities and surplus in the 1970's 8. Changing modes of family life - work and income over the life cycle 9. The role of the actuary in collective bargaining 10. Health insurance in the United States 11. Adjusted earnings

Description: This paper deals with credibility as applied to group insurance, where the problem is to estimate the future claim rate of a group as a function of both its own past claim rate and the average claim rate observed for similar groups.

Description: This is a discussion about computer models and simulation tools for life insurance companies. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1969, Vol. 21, No. 59AB