Description: In this paper, mortality trends of males and females are examined from the beginnings of the human species until the present. Future projections are also made, and the implications of the widening gap in survival rates of women vs. men is discussed.

Description: This discussion addresses the following questions about health insurance maternity benefits: 1. What has been the claim, lapse, and expense experience on hospital-medical policies with maternity benefits issued to young married couples? 2. To what extent have hospital-medical policies been introduced with reduced maternity benefits during the early policy years or with no maternity benefits? 3. What other measures are being used to provide maternity benefits on a self-sustaining basis? 4. Are these measures effective? From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1963, Vol. 15 Pt. 2

Description: This presentation is a general session from the joint Society of Actuaries/Casualty Actuarial Society Meeting held April 10-11, 1978 in New York City. The panelists provide an update on the current environment for risk classification in both property/casualty and life insurance areas, including regulatory development and court cases. The speakers note there are at least eleven Federal Agencies administering bans against sex discrimination, although not all of these deal with retirement plans or insurance, and that various states have issued regulations which affect our ability to classify risks, and that the issues, social more than actuarial, will not go away. Discussion from Participants is included. From the Record of Society of Actuaries, Volume 4, No. 1.

Description: This 1978 discussion session focuses on the impact on pension plan design due to: 1. The 1977 Amendments to the Social Security Act, 2. The Administration's proposal in regard to integration of private pension plan benefits with Social Security benefits, 3. The requirement to eliminate compulsory retirement prior to age 70, and 4. The U.S. Supreme Court decision in City of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, et al. v. Manhart, et al. which held that an employer violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 when it requires women to contribute more than men to a pension fund in order to receive the same level of benefits.

Description: This article is a review and discussion of the article, “Sex and the Single Table: Equal Monthly Retirement Income for the Sexes? By Barbara J. Lautzenheiser, FSA, appearing in the Fall 1976 issue of Employee Benefits Journal. The author of this article found it to be an informed discussion in the defense of actuarial risk classification practices, and of the legal and social issues used to argue against risk classification based on gender, such as promoting unisex tables for determining pension payments.

Description: This article focuses on the family as part of the lifetime security safety net. It looks at several issues, research and seniors' expectations.

Description: The Norris case, decided under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, prohibits sex discrimination in employment. This article addresses the question- What degree of employer involvement will cause a benefit to become a Title VII 'term, condition or privilege' of employment to which Norris applies?

Description: This presentation from Session 18 of the SOA June 2004 San Antonio Spring Meeting discusses how insured mortality has changed during the past 30 years, which published mortality tables are most appropriate to use in today's pricing environment with the proliferation of preferred risk plans, what factors have historically contributed to mortality improvement assumptions, and how underwriting requirements should be coordinated with setting price assumptions. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Volume 30, No. 2.

Description: This article talks about longevity risk and reinsurance and its global challenges.

Description: Introduction provides an overview to the monograph: measurement and history of the sex mortality differential, the differential in relation to various groupings, hypotheses, and expert opinions. From, Why Men Die Younger: Causes of Mortality Differences by Sex, M-LI01-1.