Description: This paper is about the world's oldest-old population - those 80 years and older - and their life expectancy. It provides a few methods for extending the life tables to age 100 and beyond, and projects mortality patterns at very old ages.

Description: This is the informal discussion transcript from Session 5A: Mortality and Longevity Research from the January 4-6, 2017 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando.

Description: Presented at Living to 100 symposium, January 2011. Using data from Social Security's Death Master File, this study shows that mortality deceleration in humans observed at advanced ages may be an artifact caused by age exaggeration, data heterogeneity or use of improper estimates of hazard rate. The phenomenon of mortality deceleration at older ages vanishes for datasets of higher data quality.

Description: This paper builds a model that quantifies the natural hedging benefits of a portfolio of both variable annuities and equity indexed annuities. The model is based on risk-neutral option pricing theory and risk-adjusted performance measure, RAPM. Through a double-tier simulation framework, an optimum product mixture of those two contracts is achieved that provides the best RAPM and therefore deploys capital the most efficiently. From 2006 Enterprise Risk Management Symposium, M-AS06-1.

Description: Logistic-type models for the force of mortality like those introduced by Perks or Kannisto provide better fit to mortality data of people aged over 85 than Makeham’s model where the force of mortality increases exponentially with age. However, the difficulty in estimating their parameters by the maximum likelihood method makes their use less popular among actuaries. For Kannisto’s model, this paper proposes a weighted least-squares estimator which can easily be calculated with any regression software. The estimator is shown to be consistent, asymptotically unbiased and normally distributed. For Perks’ model, using a Taylor’s series expansion, the estimation problem is again reduced to a least-squares problem. The various estimators proposed in the paper are compared numerically using Canadian mortality data.

Description: This is a paper from the session on the Asia at the January 15-18, 2023, 2023 Living to 100 Symposium in Orlando, Florida.

Description: These are the discussant comments for the concurrent Session 3A: Mortality Inequality: Impact of Socioeconomic Factors

Description: Using Taiwan Complete Life Tables as the data source, a model is developed using reliability theory and the results of the proposed model are compared to Gompertz’s law.

Description: Discussion of paper presented at Living to 100 symposium January 2002. This is the reply to the discussion of author's paper.

Description: This paper expands on the traditional three-factor interest, mortality, and expenses dividend contribution formula to propose a new dividend structure. The structure and formula are derived from the most generalized equation of equilibrium, and each dividend class is treated as an ongoing microcosm. From Society of Actuaries Financial Reporting Monograph, M-AS99-1.