Description: This article discusses the causes of the 1918 influenza pandemic, the reasons it occurred and the likelihood that it could happen again. In addition, the author discussed ways, in general, to model and manage risks that occur infrequently, yet have a significant impact.

Description: Presented at Living to 100 symposium, January 2002. This paper proposes a standard operating procedure for testing the Gompertz assumption using yearly age-specific mortality data, and the impacts of the data collection period and population sizes on the testing results are discussed.

Description: Presented at the Living to 100 Symposium, January 2011. This study explores increasing life expectancy by examining the basic properties of survival curves. Specifically, the author checks for signs of mortality compression, using a non-traditional approach. The results indicate that human longevity is likely to increase, at least for a while, and longevity risk should be seriously considered in pricing annuity products. Some suggestions for dealing with the longevity risk are also proposed.

Description: 2011 SOA International Financial Reporting for Insurers Seminar, Hong Kong. This is a spreadsheet associated with Session 23 – Residual Margins Workshop held at the 2011 SOA International Financial Reporting for Insurers Seminar in Hong Kong.

Description: 1992 SOA Regional Meeting, Anaheim. This is a panel discussion on managing the adequacy of capital by setting capital targets and ensuring targets are met. External capital, performance measurement, and management of inter-company relationships were part of the discussion.

Description: This article discusses the Insurer Solvency Assessment – Towards a Global Framework report prepared by the IAA Insurer Solvency Assessment Working Party WP. The conclusions of the report are consistent with the three pillar approach to the regulation of financial service entities that is reflected in the Basel Accord for the regulation of banks internationally. The pillars are: Pillar I: Minimum financial requirements. Pillar II: Supervisory review process. Pillar III: Measures to foster market discipline.

Description: Looking at the future, a panel of executives from leading global reinsurers predicted a broader framework in which capital markets, reinsurers and direct writers would be able to provide ways to offer or free up capital.

Description: There has been significant growth and activity in the VA reinsurance market in 2007. As we begins 2008, the outlook for the market is very strong. This article reviews the history and future trends

Description: This report presents the results of a survey conducted in August and September of 2008 on foreign travel underwriting practices of direct writing companies.

Description: As the size of the life reinsurance market in Bermuda has grown to over half a trillion dollars at the end of 2021, more and more actuaries are getting involved with this 21 square mile North Atlantic island in one way or the other. Come explore a fundamental understanding of the Bermuda solvency framework and an overview of its upcoming changes.