Description: This article discusses the ratio of male birth to female birth, which is dropping. The experts cite older ages of parents, environmental pollution, fertility drugs, and other factors. This article discusses the observation that throughout nature, the ecosystem maintains a remarkable stability. Due to declining mortality rates for males relative to females, fewer males need to be born now to maintain equal numbers of males and females during the reproductive years. This may be a factor in the decline of the ratio of males born to females born.

Description: Survey of post level term lapse and mortality assumptions for level term premium plans.

Description: This article outlines a practical approach for setting mortality rates using credibility theory. It includes formulas that can easily be applied to determine how much credibility to assign to the results of a mortality experience study.

Description: Presented at Living to 100 Symposium, January 2011. This paper examines the trends of mortality improvement in the United States for the consideration of the task force set up in 2010 to review the life tables for Group Annuity and the related assumptions for mortality improvement 'Scale AA', using more recent information from the Social Security Administration life tables and data derived from the Human Mortality Database.

Description: Living to 100 symposia are held every three years and they offer a mix of technical content, leading edge speakers on biological and societal developments and implications for society of developments in mortality. They provide insight into areas of controversy. These are multi-disciplinary discussions. This article offers some highlights from the 2020 Living to 100 focused on retirement actuaries.

Description: This article presents recent perspectives on the understanding and measurement of pandemic risk.

Description: This is an example of male life expectancy at age 65 from the United States.

Description: Examines historical life insurance and annuity policyholder mortality improvement trends and/or mortality improvement rates and how they compare to that of the general US and international populations. Discusses techniques for modeling and projecting future mortality improvements

Description: We suggest a new method of latent variable analysis and apply it for describing mortality changes in developed countries over the period of 1900--2014.

Description: Discusses the natural history of AIDS and some of the impact on underwriting, the methods for projecting the epidemic from both a population and insurance standpoint, the potential of the AIDS epidemic in terms of reinsurance and solvency reserves. From the 1988 Record of Society of Actuaries, Vol. 14, No. 2.