Description: This is a summary of a more extensive paper on the question of a programming language. This article discusses the trend to develop computer languages for the subject-matter specialist instead of for the professional programmer or computing machinery.

Description: The actuarial techniques actuaries use in financial security systems can be adapted to provide valuation of potential corporate environmental liabilities.

Description: This article is a review and discussion of the 1976 “Report of the Consultant Panel on Social Security to the United States Congressional Research Service.” The report contains the results of another government-initiated study of the OASDI system which puts forth a second solution to a problem first publicly identified by the 1975 Advisory Council on Social Security, a problem which has come to be known as the “decoupling issue.” Because the solution proposed by the actuaries and economists making up this consultant panel is significantly different from that of the Advisory Council, this report has inspired some degree of friendly debate among actuaries and others interested in the technicalities of the OASDI benefit formula. Panel members are Peter A. Diamond, James C. Hickman, Ernest J. Moorhead, and William C. Hsiao, Chairman.