Description: This paper outlines a framework for managing life insurance company surplus. This framework can be used to assess capital investments, control the amount of capital used, monitor return on capital, and take actions when results deviate. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1986, Vol. 38.

Description: In this paper the author develops techniques for measuring GAAP return on total capital by line of business, where total capital includes “benchmark surplus,” the amount of statutory surplus set aside, in addition to reserves, to support in-force business. The author also shows how GAAP returns relate to the internal rate of return the actuary may have calculated to describe expected profitability on a statutory basis. Includes discussion and author’s review of discussion. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1982 Volume 34.

Description: Presentation of some of the factors to be considered, and approaches which might be employed, in valuing a life insurance company.

Description: This paper examines the financial management of assets backing a Guaranteed Investment Contract [GIC] portfolio. Immunization and dedication have been the traditional approaches used in financial management. Using interest rate futures in pricing and in balancing the asset portfolio duration is presented as one more variation of traditional immunization. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1985, Vol. 37.

Description: This paper describes a major refinement in methods of allocating general account investment income among lines of business, termed segmentation. A detailed description of the segmentation plan recently adopted by the authors' company and its implications is described. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1983, Vol. 35.

Description: This paper arose from an investigation into the concept of yield rate. The paper first outlines the difficulties involved in comparing financial transactions strictly on the basis of yield it then develops an approach that does not depend on yield rates. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1980, Vol. 32.

Description: This paper describes a typical consumer credit transaction, shows how the rule of 78 works, identifies its degree of accuracy, and discusses issues raised by its use, including federal truth-in-lending implications. Followed by several discussion papers submitted

Description: This paper presents the theory of immunization of investments to changes in interest rates and provides an extensive series of examples and formulas used in its implementation. Also presents some implications for investment behavior, product development, interest assumptions, valuation and adjusted earnings. Discussions of this paper are included.

Description: Discussion of the diversification activities of a number of life insurance companies. This includes the formation of, or acquisition of, property and casualty insurers, variable annuity companies, mutual fund management companies, banks, finance companies, leasing companies, real estate development companies, televisions and radio stations, newspapers, software consultants and other corporate enterprises. Discussion includes: 1. Activities really compatible with the llfe insurance product. 2. Activities otherwise compatible with corporate objectives or offering potentially large profit centers. 3. Activities which can be an excessive drain on corporate earnings and executive manpower 4. The actuary's role in these diversification activities. Then the discussion goes into a discussion of corporate planning models

Description: This paper describes reverse mortgages, a form of home equity conversion specifically suited to older homeowners who need cash from their homes but who still want to live in them. This paper describes the basic characteristics of a reverse mortgage as well as the types of guarantees generally thought necessary for a tenure reverse mortgage to be marketable. These guarantees create five types of risk susceptible to actuarial evaluation. Each risk is identified, and methods of charging for and minimizing these risks are discussed. Special underwriting hazards and the need for asset reserving are reviewed. Examples of pricing and reserving for a reverse mortgage are provided. Careful supervision of reverse mortgage lending by use of actuarial methods is recommended. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1992, Vol. 44.