Description: We develop a model based on causal mortality in order to better understand inequalities in life expectancy across socioeconomic circumstances.

Description: The effect on mortality of the reduction in smoking and the increase obesity in the U.S. is estimated based on historical and projected patterns.

Description: Chapter 4 states that greater male mortality is almost universal throughout the world, although the difference between male and female mortality varies from country to country and region to region. From Why Men Die Younger: Causes of Mortality Differences by Sex, M-LI01-1.

Description: Family structures have expanded in recent decades and so have some beneficiary forms in insurance, banking and investment accounts. This essay includes suggestions for further expansion of those little-discussed but very important forms.

Description: Many of the innovations and methods required to improve retirement security exist, but have not been pulled together into an integrated solution at scale.

Description: New products should address having acceptable carrier risks and at the same time enhance the product’s value to consumers to pave the way for broader acceptance.

Description: In the past three years, the Society of Actuaries (SOA) compiled essay collections to address retirement issues. The 2018 call for essays expanded and complemented the discussion by identifying current and potential impacts that family structure, roles and dynamics have on retirement security in the United States. Family structure can, and in many instances does, play a significant role in retirement security worldwide, but this is often not recognized in retirement planning. The presenters will share several award-winning essays. Observations and highlights from the overall project will be shared, and ideas presented in related essays will be summarized.

Description: In ARCH 1977.1, the following problem appeared. Problem 11, submitted by John A. Beekman. Use demographic techniques to approximate the effects on India's population cause by recent provincial laws limiting family size. This paper is the solution to the problem by Md. Humayun Kabir.

Description: Provides white vs. black mortality rates based upon Social Security data for years 1984 - 1988, and separate tables based upon data from 'Health United States' for years 1983 - 1987 and data from 'Vital Statistics of the United States' for years 1983 - 1987.

Description: This article presents the needed mathematical techniques and obtains values for active life expectancies in which dependent lives are followed after regaining independence. Secondly, projections of active life expectancies are developed to the year 2080, under three sets of assumptions, for 65 year old men and women. Finally, estimates of the average numbers of years of dependency in ADL prior to death of 65 year old men and women are provided under alternate sets of assumptions. From the Actuarial Research Clearing House 1991 VOL. 2.