Description: The effect on level premium reserves of a change in the interest or mortality basis can often be predicted by the results obtained in Spurgeon's Life Contingencies, Chap. X, pp. 185-190. This note offers formulas to demonstrate the effect of such changes.

Description: The object of this paper is to present a theoretical basis for the mathematical graduation of continuance data for both elementary and combined benefits, and to demonstrate the methods of utilizing the theory to derive claim costs for a wide variety of benefits. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1959, Vol. 11, No. 31.

Description: This paper presents the commutation functions and net premiums required for reserve calculations with specimen reserve tables. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1959, Vol. 11, No. 30 AB.

Description: This paper presents a few formulaic examples displaying the advantages of geometric methods over arithmetic methods and provides some theorems proving the increased accuracy geometric methods can provide for interpolation or extrapolation

Description: The purpose of this paper is to outline some of the points to be considered in arriving at a method of making cost estimates and funding calculations and their practical application.

Description: This paper explores some of the implications of rejecting the hypothesis that successive interest rate changes are independently, identically lognormally distributed on cash flow analysis. Discussions of this paper are included.

Description: The purpose of this reports is to define topics and provide information on techniques currently available in support of the development of dynamic solvency testing, DST. The paper covers topics of the time frame for analysis, scenario interpretations, credibility, confidence standards and reliance guidance.

Description: This report provides morbidity experience under individual medical expense policies in force during the 1975 and 1976 calendar years.

Description: The dependent relationship between two lives is readily analyzed within the context of probability theory. This paper presents useful relationships between certain actuarial and probability functions and then explores measures of dependence. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1986, Vol. 38.

Description: This paper includes three discussions. The first is about permanent type insurance used as a substitute for group term insurance. The second discussion is about long-term disability experience, offsets and underwriting. The third discussion is about medical care expense insurance including experience, trends, impact of Medicare and COB. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1968, Vol. 20 Pt. 2, No. 56