Description: Milliman, Inc. Milliman was retained by the Society of Actuaries SOA to perform certain actuarial analyses with respect to the Z-Factor methodology under a principles-based approach PBA to statutory reserve and capital. Under PBA, the Z-Factor is a measure of margin in excess of the best estimate assumptions embedded in the statutory reserves of a life insurance product or block of business.

Description: View the Fall 2017 Introductory Study Note for the Individual Life and Annuities- Life Finance And Valuation, U.S. Exam.

Description: This document describes an effort to measure the deaths in the U.S. population relative to pre-pandemic expectations. This report updates the original report, 2020 Excess Deaths in the U.S. General Population by Age and Sex, with more complete data for 2020.

Description: View the Spring 2021 Society of Actuaries Exam –General Insurance, Financial and Regulatory Environment – U.S. Case Study.

Description: View the U.S. Individual Life COVID-19 Reported Claims Analysis, Second Quarter, 2022 Update.

Description: View the SOA Research Institute research report on the U.S. Individual Life COVID-19 Reported Claims Analysis, 2Q 2023 Update

Description: View the Spring 2021 Individual Life and Annuities Life Financial Management, U.S Exam .

Description: View the Fall 2020 Group and Health—Finance and Valuation–U.S. Excel File.

Description: View the Fall 2020 Retirement Benefits—Design and Accounting, U.S. Exam Solution.

Description: View the Group and Health—Finance and Valuation–Canada U.S. Introductory Study Note.