Description: This panel discussion is about expense assumptions in pricing. It focused on: 1. What were the historical approaches to expense loadings in premium rates of life and casualty lines? 2. What are the fundamental differences in life vs. casualty expense assumptions? 3. Current changes. 4. Future possibilities.

Description: This article is from the Digest of Informal Discussion, Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1956 Volume 8, Number 20. The article identifies the participants and summarizes each person’s comments. The participants discuss a variety of topics, such as the use of sampling techniques and quality control in actuarial work, and administrative measures taken to reduce expenses on small Ordinary policies. The discussion also looked at what the Society of Actuaries and local actuarial clubs should do, at the secondary school or college level, to increase the number of college graduates entering the actuarial field.

Description: This is the discussion of the paper by Arthur Pedoe, 'The Trend of Life Insurance Company Expenses'. An alternative method for comparing expenses among companies is provided.

Description: This article is a discussion of a measure of life insurance policy cost which the author refers to as “aggregate administrative cost ratio,” based on figures from the life insurance companies’ annual statements filed with state insurance commissioners. The article provides the formulas for calculation and demonstrates how the cost ratios can be a useful tool for an individual considering the purchase of life insurance.