Description: The author attempts to weave together biological and environmental explanations into the mathematical approaches developed over the past two centuries so as to, in the words of two earlier authors from the actuarial profession, reground the relationship of actuarial science with cellular biology and gerontology. Also examined is the extent to which increasing wealth and higher standards of education and health contribute to happiness.

Description: Essay discussing that the two factors that affect healthcare cost are costs and the fact that people lack coverage.

Description: A summary of Medicare reform and its effect on prescription drug coverage.