Description: Risk management techniques such as stress testing and setting capital targets are fairly well established for life insurers; however, the implementation of these techniques can vary considerably. A fundamental question is how to manage multiple valuation perspectives, and the list of possibilities keeps growing. Companies can potentially consider some or all of the following: U.S. reporting measures (Stat, GAAP), internal measures (EV, VNB, economic capital), international reporting measures (IFRS), rating agency models or other developing standards (ICS, NAIC group capital). This session will begin with a quick overview of the defining characteristics of different valuation frameworks. We will then provide more focused and practical considerations for managing risk and capital under different frameworks, using specific examples to highlight key trade offs.

Description: Presented at May 1986 Spring Meeting. This session discussion is about how much surplus is needed, how it is determined, treatment of participating policyholders, approaches for measurement, and regulatory and professional body requirements affecting surplus relief reinsurance.

Description: Presented at October 1996 Annual Meeting. This session presents and discusses the NAIC's model bill for risk-based capital as it relates to health insurance.

Description: Presented at September 1994 Valuation Actuary Symposium. This session presents the approaches of a stock and a mutual company to surplus management, and the application of recent research in risk theory to surplus management.

Description: Presented at October 1986 Annual Meeting. This session discussion is about how capital should be measured, cash flow based surplus, what performance measures are reliable, return on equity, book gains, terminal funds, how much surplus is needed, business planning for future capital needs, capital restructuring, how should multiple risks be combined and qualitative issues versus numbers as they relate to future growth.

Description: The management of the investments of an insurance enterprise has undergone a considerable evolution since the pioneering work of Redington in the mid 20th century. Best practices have evolved to incorporate ever more complex insurance liabilities, expanding investment asset classes and global market opportunities. Strategic asset allocation (SAA), liability driven investing, and other robust optimization approaches form the core of the professional management of insurance company investments.