Description: Discussion of developments with regards to addressing major medical care needs since 1959, including the passage of Medicare.

Description: September’s Actuary contained an excellent summary by Drew Davidoff of renewal rating for small group medical business. Among the techniques he describes are age, sex, and area rating, experience rating using credibility, experience rating using tiers, examination of the diagnoses in the claim file, and initial and reentry medical underwriting.

Description: Examines the trends affecting the distribution system for the industry's products, and the regulatory and tax environment in which life companies operate. Also looks briefly at the state of competition in the industry.

Description: This is the second article in a four–part series. In this article, the industry's products are examined.

Description: Examines the question of whether health-care costs, or health insurance costs, are in crisis.

Description: This editorial reviews the benefits of managed care, notes the public pressure to relax controls around this system and the expected cost impact of doing so.

Description: This article exams societal trends that may influence retirement patterns and presented retirement scenarios. From The Actuary Vol. 24, No. 12

Description: On Dec. 29, 1973 President Nixon signed into law the Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973, which authorizes $375 million to be used by the DHEW to stimulate the establishment and development of HMO's over the next five years. This article describes the status of the regulations and the development of additional HMO's.

Description: This article presents a view of health care as an economic system, suggests a framework for classifying current criticisms of the system, and offers references for further reading.

Description: Article from The Actuary September 1989 – Volume 23, No. 8 that discusses how increasingly keen competition for small-group medical business has caused many carriers to drastically alter their approaches to renewal rating of all-group business.