Description: This paper was presented at the 1956 Society of Actuaries Eastern Spring Meeting, held April 19-20 in Hartford, CT. The author discusses the significant growth of immediate annuities, primarily through settlement options, and recent annuitant mortality improvement trends and experience studies, including a new mortality table, the proposed 1955 American Annuity Table. The author notes the main purpose of his paper is to propose a graded rate system for life income settlement options that is detailed enough to be equitable, yet simple enough to be understood by the policyholder. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1956 Volume 8, Number 21.

Description: In this paper, presented at the Eastern Spring Meeting of the Society of Actuaries, held March 24-25, 1960 in Washington, D.C., the author documents the determination of elementary functions and monetary values of the 1941 CSO Mortality Table on an age last birthday basis, noting that until this time the tables had been published only on the basis of age nearest birthday. The impetus of this change was the author’s company, Metropolitan Life, having recently started issuing ordinary life policies on an age last birthday basis, the rational being the use of age nearest birthday had led to policyholder confusion and misunderstanding. Includes discussion. From the 1960 Transactions Vol. 12, No. 33.

Description: This paper, presented by Gordon J. Munro at the Eastern Spring Meeting of the Society of Actuaries, held March 24-25, 1960 in Washington, D.C., determines monetary functions of group annuity mortality based on the Ga-1951 Male Table, projected to 1960 by Projection Scale C. Includes discussion and errata sheet. From 1960 Transactions Vol. 12, No. 33.

Description: This paper gives a brief description of the New Mortality Basis for Annuities, shows statistics on recent decreases in mortality rates and supplies projection scales and factors for future mortality decreases. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1949, Vol. 1, No. 1.

Description: This paper is from the Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1956 Volume 8, Number 20. It was presented at the 1956 Spring Meetings of the Society of Actuaries for discussion. The author, using the results of the 1951 mortality study on female life insurance beneficiaries receiving settlement options, where the face amount of insurance proceeds is converted to an annuity, quantifies the mortality differences between those electing an option who tend to have better mortality, and payees who have no option. In this paper the author determines the appropriate age setbacks for the payees electing an option, based on the actual mortality statistics.

Description: In this paper the authors discuss the official decennial Unites States Life Tables for 1979-81, presenting age-specific mortality rates and expectations of life. Mortality trends are examined going back to the first decennial tables published at the beginning of the century, and brief comparisons with mortality in other industrialized countries are made. The paper includes written discussion. From the 1985 Transactions Vol. 37.

Description: This paper is from Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1955 Volume 7, Number 17. The author notes that in mortality studies the ‘natural’ unit for exposures and deaths is number of lives, but often more insight is gained by use of other weights, such as face amount. In this paper, the author develops a method which, ‘by a combination of exposed to risk formulas, provides a comparatively simple procedure to permit consideration of weights which vary during the observation period.’

Description: This paper is from the Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1956 Volume 8, Number 20. It was presented at the 1956 Spring Meetings of the Society of Actuaries for discussion. The author summarizes the results of a study looking at the correlation between family history and mortality of insured lives, updating a previous study covering exposure from 1911 to 1931, to cover experience between 1931 and 1955.

Description: This paper is from Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1955 Volume 7, Number 17. The author notes that recent advances in calculating equipment make possible producing graduations much more elaborate than any done previously. The paper confines itself to the problem of graduating a single column of rates, such as an ultimate column, using a Whittaker-Henderson B graduation of the fourth order. The author provides a detailed description of the process with significant mathematical theory.