Description: This paper expands on the traditional three-factor interest, mortality, and expenses dividend contribution formula to propose a new dividend structure. The structure and formula are derived from the most generalized equation of equilibrium, and each dividend class is treated as an ongoing microcosm. From Society of Actuaries Financial Reporting Monograph, M-AS99-1.

Description: This paper is the first in the Transactions to address itself to the problem of general-purpose financial reporting for life insurance companies. The primary purpose of the paper is to demonstrate how a natural reserve approach may be utilized effectively to adjust life insurance earnings in a manner consistent with GAAP. A second purpose of the paper is to demonstrate earnings patterns obtained by several possible alternative approaches to earnings adjustments. From Society of Actuaries Financial Reporting Monograph, M-AS99-1.

Description: The goal for an insurance firm is to maximize value. This paper describes the approach using an objective function of the Option Adjusted Value of Distributable Earnings OAVDE. The paper provides a review of the evolution of accounting treatment suggests a methodology for estimating market value of assets and liabilities extends that market value to the value of the firm using OAVDE and illustrates how this methodology can be incorporated into an insurance firm's financial management. From Society of Actuaries Financial Reporting Monograph, M-AS99-1.

Description: This article looks at the purpose of the closed block, how it works, what some of the drawbacks are, the implementation of the concept and if there are any preferable alternatives to the closed block. From Society of Actuaries Financial Reporting Monograph, M-AS99-1.

Description: This paper is concerned with the fundamental nature of life insurance company earnings. The operation of the policy reserve system as the timing mechanism which determines the incidence of earnings is discussed, and the concept of release from risk is described. From Society of Actuaries Financial Reporting Monograph, M-AS99-1.