Description: Python is the leading programming language for data science. Python programming is one skill that actuaries should acquire. It facilitates analytic work, and the available visualization tools help to communicate ideas. In this article, I use a traditional actuarial problem, mortality modeling, as an example.

Description: Traditional risk scoring models include only fixed (non-random) demographic and condition-based variables. By including the provider effect as part of the risk scoring model as a random effect, we can get better estimates of provider performance (incorporating practice patterns conditional on patient morbidity profile). This approach can be generalized to study other factors that are now masked in error variance (i.e. area, Social Determinants) but if modeled could give us better estimates of risk

Description: Techniques that have gained some traction in general (property/casualty) insurance will be highlighted with a particular focus on the linear mixed model. This model adds random effects to the more commonly seen fixed effects (for example, as used in GLMs).

Description: This paper has two related purposes: first, to introduce a new class of Moving Weighted Average MWA graduation formulas where the coefficients are determined in accordance with the relative emphasis placed on smoothness and fit by the graduator, and second, to consider the question regarding what value of n to use when graduating by MWA formula. From the Actuarial Research Clearing House, 1978, Vol.1.

Description: Regression to the mean is a phenomenon that arises when comparing sequential data points. It states that when an initial observation is extreme or an outlier, future observations will be closer to the average. Health care actuaries need to understand and be able to mitigate the effects of regression to the mean to avoid misapplying predictive models or misstating measurements of historical effects.

Description: This abstract describes a paper that introduces spatio-temporal models and methods for analysis with specific emphasis on quantities of interest in actuarial science. Generalized additive mixed models are used for the analysis of geographic and temporal variability of mortality rates.

Description: This chapter introduces a few probability distributions that play an important role in understanding and analyzing healthcare data. While theoretical in nature, these distributions model real life if appropriately chosen. Probability distributions are mathematical representations of how statistical data behave.

Description: This session is from the 1976 Washington D.C. Meeting and discusses qualitative and quantitative models for forecasting. The session is a general teaching session and not for experts.

Description: 1994 SOA Spring Meeting, Orlando. In this session the panel consider the question of uncertainty in loss reserves including discussion of sources and measurement. The panelists analyzed the same data set from different perspectives and discussed the strengths and weaknesses of the approaches.

Description: This chapter focuses on creating practical models that aid in the prediction of the risk of readmission to a specific hospital within 30 days of discharge for Medicare patients, to aid in the identification and stratification of at-risk patients for hospitals considering building an intervention program in a cost-effective manner. For readers who wish to develop their own predictive model, a dataset is provided on the Actexmadriver.com website, and R code is provided in the appendix to this chapter.