Description: How to make the third pillar of the pension system develop faster is a hot topic in the field of social security research in recent years. Its development is facing three dilemmas: cognitive dilemma, economic transformation dilemma and incentive dilemma. According to the order from easy to difficult, four suggestions are put forward: to build the third pillar system by introducing personal accounts; to separate individual accounts from urban and rural residence insurance and put them in the third pillar; to integrate housing funds into the third pillar; to turn short-term bank savings into long-term pension reserve by improving social welfare.

Description: Financial Accounting Standard Number 91 deals with the calculation of investment income and amortized cost for mortgage backed securities, as well as whole mortgages and callable bonds. The method described in this paper uses a Taylor series to eliminate the storage of all past cash flows, while still providing an accurate FAS 91 adjustment. From Actuarial Research Clearing House 1993, VOL. 3.

Description: Appendix 2 from the research report entitled 'Exploration of Reputational Risk from the Perspective of a Variety of Stakeholders.'