Description: Traditional methods of addressing reserves and liabilities have failed to cope with the problems of escalating claim costs, frequent rate increases, and different opinions as to what liabilities should be recognized. This paper reexamines these issues, discusses shortcomings of current methods and proposes a new approach to the total subject. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1985, Vol. 37.

Description: This report discusses the use of a basic table of net annual claim costs for hospital and surgical expense insurance as adopted by the NAIC in 1956 to be used as a minimum reserve standard for loss-of-time benefits. It is the intention of this paper to outline the characteristics of the table, to discuss the factors which influence reserve considerations, and to describe suitable methods of determining active and disabled life reserves for the types of benefit provisions now most generally offered. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1965, Vol. 17, Pt. 1, No. 49.