Description: This paper presents a surplus-ratio goal that is appropriate for group accident and health insurance and discusses growth, the sources of gains and losses, ways to improve operating gain and tracking results against expectations. A discussion of the paper follows. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1977, Vol. 29.

Description: In determining the apportionment of divisible surplus accruing with respect to a policy year's experience under a Group Accident and Health policy, the claims incurred in the policy year usually are the biggest single charge against the policyholder's premium. Consequently, it is important that the charge be an accurate portrayal of claims properly attributable to the policy year. This paper considers first the two basic ingredients of incurred claims, namely, paid claims [Section II] and claim reserves [Section III], and then considers how these two ingredients are used to determine incurred claims charged against a given group policyholder [Section IV]. A separate section [Section V] is included to discuss incurred claims on those group policies which cover so small a number of people that the case's own experience may fluctuate too widely to have real meaning. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1958, Vol. 10, No. 28.