Description: The abstract for the paper Data Sources, Quality and Analyses - Data Quality of Oldest-Old Population in Taiwan 2003 Census for Ages 89 and above.

Description: We propose an age-shift model to modify the LC model and deal with the problem of parameters. The proposed method attains smaller estimation errors with respect to mean absolute percentage error or mean square error. We also apply the proposed age-shift model to the mortality rates of these four countries to evaluate the longevity risk in annuity products by measuring life expectancy.