Description: In this discussion, the panel recalls all of the considerations in the design of the SOFASIM Society OF Actuaries SIMulator. It was obvious from the first model of the life insurance company SOFASIM, as it was named must have an actuarial side as well as an investment side. GAAP and tax aspects of the model are also discussed.

Description: An increasing need exists for the actuary to provide ranges and frequency distributions of possible values instead of providing only mean values. This discussion will cover: projections of asset experience under various economic scenarios, a practical application of profit analysis using scenarios and a deterministic model, exploring possible values by means of stochastic modeling, and a description of the new life contingencies textbook's stochastic approach and application to some practical population and census problems. From Record of the Society of Actuaries 1981, Volume 7, No. 4.